Information of Tamil Nadu Land
The south Indian state of Tamil Nadu is surrounded by Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh in the north and Kerala in the west. Tamil Nadu's eastern and southern coasts are washed by the waters of the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean respectively. The eastern and western tips of the state are defined by the Point Calimere and Mudumalai wildlife sanctuaries while the northern extreme is Pulicat lake and the southernmost tip is Cape Comorin or Kanniyakumari - where India's land ends.
More Information on Geographical Features of Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu, The Varied Land With an area of 130,058 sq. kms, Tamil Nadu is the 11th largest state in India. Traditionally, the land of Tamils has been divided into 5 major physiographic divisions - the Kurinji or mountainous region, the Mullai or forest region, the Palai or arid region, the Marudham or the fertile plains and the Neidhal or coastal region.
The Eastern and Western ghats of India meet in Tamil Nadu and run along its eastern and western borders. The famous hill stations of Tamil Nadu's like Udhagamandalam, Kodaikanal, Kothagiri and Yercaud are situated in this region. The 25km wide Palakkad gap and Shencottah gap are the only breaks into the long chain of hills that border western Tamil Nadu.
The low rocky hills of Eastern ghats are in contrast with the densely forested hills of the Western ghats. This area receives torrential rainfall and the beautiful valleys of Cumbum and Pollachi are marked with plantations of tea, coffee and spices. However, the upper reaches of the Eastern ghats are equally beautiful. The Yercaud in the Shevaroy hills is famous for its fruit orchards, mainly for banana and coffee plantations.
There's also an arid, desert-like land in the state which is confined to a small area in Tirunelveli district and is known as the Palai. The coastal Tamil Nadu comprises the Coromandel coast which has its northern half and the Fisheries coast which is the southern half. Mylapore, Poompuhar and Mamallapuram were the famous ancient ports on the Coromandel from where merchant ships sailed to Rome, Greece and the far east.
Rich Flora and Fauna
Tamil Nadu is rich in flora and fauna and some of its major wildlife sanctuaries like Mudumalai, Anaimalai(Indira Gandhi W.S), Madras Crocodile Bank trust, Guindy national park, etc, are situated in the hills of the Western ghats providing home to elephants, tigers, bisons and a variety of monkeys and deers. There are more than 3000 plant species found in Tamil Nadu, out of which a majority are found in the mixed deciduous forests of this region.
Tranquil Rivers
Kaveri is the recurrent river of the state Tamil Nadu, which originates in Coorg in the neighboring Karnataka. Kaveri irrigates the fertile Coromandel plains and its delta in Thanjavur - Nagapattinam region is known as the granary of Tamil Nadu. The other rivers in the state are the Palar, Pennar, Vaigai and Tamiraparani.
Bewitching Beaches
Tamil Nadu, the southern state of India, has some of the most exotic beaches in India, which have their own charm. The Marina beach is the second longest beach in the world and is a must visit. Another beach called the Elliot's Beach is now a favorite shooting location for Tamil movies in Chennai. Apart from these there are many mesmerizing beaches like the Covelong beach, Kanyakumari beach, Rameshwarm beach, etc. These beaches are famous for various enjoyment activities like paragliding, surfing, swimming, sunbathing, parasailing, etc.
Tropical Climate
The climate of Tamil Nadu is tropical with little deviation in temperature in summer and winter. April and May are the hottest months with the temperature going above the 40ºC mark. The coastal regions get uncomfortably warm and humid during these months but the nights are usually cool, due to the sea breeze that sets in during the afternoon. Summer temperatures are quite temperate in the foothills of the Ghats.
The atmosphere at the hill stations are pleasant and the temperature is moderate. A mild winter falls between November and February when the climate is pleasantly cool.
Minimum temperature in the plains rarely drops below 20º C, while in the hills the mercury may drop to 5º C or below. The north-east monsoon brings rain in spurts between October and December. The average annual rainfall, ranges between 25 and 75 inches (635 and 1,905 mm) a year. Highest precipitation occurs in the Nilgiris and other hill areas with the least in the Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts.
The Eastern and Western ghats of India meet in Tamil Nadu and run along its eastern and western borders. The famous hill stations of Tamil Nadu's like Udhagamandalam, Kodaikanal, Kothagiri and Yercaud are situated in this region. The 25km wide Palakkad gap and Shencottah gap are the only breaks into the long chain of hills that border western Tamil Nadu.
The low rocky hills of Eastern ghats are in contrast with the densely forested hills of the Western ghats. This area receives torrential rainfall and the beautiful valleys of Cumbum and Pollachi are marked with plantations of tea, coffee and spices. However, the upper reaches of the Eastern ghats are equally beautiful. The Yercaud in the Shevaroy hills is famous for its fruit orchards, mainly for banana and coffee plantations.
There's also an arid, desert-like land in the state which is confined to a small area in Tirunelveli district and is known as the Palai. The coastal Tamil Nadu comprises the Coromandel coast which has its northern half and the Fisheries coast which is the southern half. Mylapore, Poompuhar and Mamallapuram were the famous ancient ports on the Coromandel from where merchant ships sailed to Rome, Greece and the far east.
Rich Flora and Fauna
Tamil Nadu is rich in flora and fauna and some of its major wildlife sanctuaries like Mudumalai, Anaimalai(Indira Gandhi W.S), Madras Crocodile Bank trust, Guindy national park, etc, are situated in the hills of the Western ghats providing home to elephants, tigers, bisons and a variety of monkeys and deers. There are more than 3000 plant species found in Tamil Nadu, out of which a majority are found in the mixed deciduous forests of this region.
Tranquil Rivers
Kaveri is the recurrent river of the state Tamil Nadu, which originates in Coorg in the neighboring Karnataka. Kaveri irrigates the fertile Coromandel plains and its delta in Thanjavur - Nagapattinam region is known as the granary of Tamil Nadu. The other rivers in the state are the Palar, Pennar, Vaigai and Tamiraparani.
Bewitching Beaches
Tamil Nadu, the southern state of India, has some of the most exotic beaches in India, which have their own charm. The Marina beach is the second longest beach in the world and is a must visit. Another beach called the Elliot's Beach is now a favorite shooting location for Tamil movies in Chennai. Apart from these there are many mesmerizing beaches like the Covelong beach, Kanyakumari beach, Rameshwarm beach, etc. These beaches are famous for various enjoyment activities like paragliding, surfing, swimming, sunbathing, parasailing, etc.
Tropical Climate
The climate of Tamil Nadu is tropical with little deviation in temperature in summer and winter. April and May are the hottest months with the temperature going above the 40ºC mark. The coastal regions get uncomfortably warm and humid during these months but the nights are usually cool, due to the sea breeze that sets in during the afternoon. Summer temperatures are quite temperate in the foothills of the Ghats.
The atmosphere at the hill stations are pleasant and the temperature is moderate. A mild winter falls between November and February when the climate is pleasantly cool.
Minimum temperature in the plains rarely drops below 20º C, while in the hills the mercury may drop to 5º C or below. The north-east monsoon brings rain in spurts between October and December. The average annual rainfall, ranges between 25 and 75 inches (635 and 1,905 mm) a year. Highest precipitation occurs in the Nilgiris and other hill areas with the least in the Ramanathapuram and Tirunelveli districts.
History of Tamil Nadu
The ancietn history of Tamil Nadu dates back about 6000 years and the origin of its people is topic debate related to the Aryan invasion theory. Those who believe in this theory support the view that the Tamils belong to the Dravidian race and were part of the early Indus Valley settlers. Later with the advent of the Aryan invasion, the Dravidians were forced to remain back into the deep south, where they ultimately settled. The present day states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh constitute the Dravidian culture.
Ancient History (1st to 9th centuries)
Tamil Nadu was ruled by the early Cholas between 1st and 4th centuries CE. Karikalan was the first and the most famous king, who built the Kallanai (kall - stone, anai - bund), a dam across the Cauvery River, which is considered to be an engineering wonder of that time. The Cholas ruled the present Thanjavur and Tiruchirapalli districts and were excellent in military expertise. At the peak of their glory, the Chola kings expanded their influence as far as Cylon (SriLanka) in the south and hundreds of kilometers across the northern region. Cholas comprises the major part of ancient history of Tamil Nadu. Almost all the Chola Kings build magnificent temples. Brahadeswarer's Temple or more popularly called as the Big temple in Tanjore (Thanjavur)is a classical example of the magnificent architecture of the Chola kingdom.
Ancient History (1st to 9th centuries)
Tamil Nadu was ruled by the early Cholas between 1st and 4th centuries CE. Karikalan was the first and the most famous king, who built the Kallanai (kall - stone, anai - bund), a dam across the Cauvery River, which is considered to be an engineering wonder of that time. The Cholas ruled the present Thanjavur and Tiruchirapalli districts and were excellent in military expertise. At the peak of their glory, the Chola kings expanded their influence as far as Cylon (SriLanka) in the south and hundreds of kilometers across the northern region. Cholas comprises the major part of ancient history of Tamil Nadu. Almost all the Chola Kings build magnificent temples. Brahadeswarer's Temple or more popularly called as the Big temple in Tanjore (Thanjavur)is a classical example of the magnificent architecture of the Chola kingdom.
During the later half of 4th century, Pallavas the great temple builders emerged into prominence and dominated the south for another 400 years. A large portion of Tamil Nadu was ruled by then with Kanchipuram as their base. In the 6th century they defeated the Cholas and ruled as far as Sri Lanka. Among the greatest Pallava rulers were Mahendravarman-l and his son Narasimhavarman. Dravidian architecture reached its epitome during Pallava rule. The last Pallava King was Aparajitha. He was defeated by Aditya Chola towards the end of the 9th century.
Medieval History (9th to 14th centuries)
Under Rajaraja Chola and his son Rajendra Chola, the Cholas again rose as a notable power in 9th century in South India. The Chola empire extended to the central Indian states like, Orissa and parts of West Bengal. Rajaraja Chola conquered the eastern Chalukya kingdom by defeating the Cheras, and also occupied parts of Ceylon by defeating the Pandyas. Rajendra Chola went beyond, occupying the islands of andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep, Sumatra, Java, Malaya and the islands of Pegu with his fleet of ships. He defeated Mahipala, the king of Bihar and Bengal, and to mark his victory he built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. The Cholas started loosing their power around the 13th century.
As Cholas declined, the Pandyas once again emerged as a power, in the early 14th century. But this was short lived and soon they were subdued by Muslim Khilji invaders from the north in 1316. The city of Madurai was plundered and completely destroyed. The invasion destroyed the Chola and Pandya dynasties and led to the establishment of Bahmani Kingdom in the northern Deccan.
Medieval History (9th to 14th centuries)
Under Rajaraja Chola and his son Rajendra Chola, the Cholas again rose as a notable power in 9th century in South India. The Chola empire extended to the central Indian states like, Orissa and parts of West Bengal. Rajaraja Chola conquered the eastern Chalukya kingdom by defeating the Cheras, and also occupied parts of Ceylon by defeating the Pandyas. Rajendra Chola went beyond, occupying the islands of andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep, Sumatra, Java, Malaya and the islands of Pegu with his fleet of ships. He defeated Mahipala, the king of Bihar and Bengal, and to mark his victory he built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram. The Cholas started loosing their power around the 13th century.
As Cholas declined, the Pandyas once again emerged as a power, in the early 14th century. But this was short lived and soon they were subdued by Muslim Khilji invaders from the north in 1316. The city of Madurai was plundered and completely destroyed. The invasion destroyed the Chola and Pandya dynasties and led to the establishment of Bahmani Kingdom in the northern Deccan.
Due to the 14th century invasion, the Hindus retaliated in reaction and rallied to build a strong new kingdom, called the Vijayanagara empire. This empire included all the strongholds of Cholas and other local Hindu rulers to check the Muslims. Governors called Nayaks were employed to run different territories of the empire. Vijayanagar Empire was the most prosperous dynasty in the south, with Hampi as the Capital. But by 1564 the empire came to an end at the hands of Deccan sultans in the battle of Talikota. The empire, dismantled into many parts and was given to the Nayaks to rule. Tamil Country under the Telugu Nayaks was peaceful and prosperous. The Nayaks of Madurai and Thanjavur were most prominent of them all, who reconstructed some of the oldest temples in the country.
Modern History (17th century)
The Dutch accomplished a settlement in Pulicat around 1609. The British, under the British East India Company, established a settlement further south, in present day Chennai, in the year 1639. The British took advantage of the petty quarrels among the provincial rulers (divide and rule) to expand their area of power.
The British fought with the various European powers, notably the French at Vandavasi (Wandiwash) in 1760, and the Dutch at Tharangambadi (Tranquebar), driving the Dutch away entirely, and reducing the French dominions in India to Pondicherry. The British also fought four wars with the Kingdom of Mysore under Hyder Ali and later his son Tipu Sultan, which led to their eventual domination of India's south. They consolidated southern India into the Madras Presidency.
The nationalist movement in Tamil Nadu was a movement of historical depth. Its starting point is the late eighteenth century. Early manifestations of anti-colonial feeling in Tamil Nadu were the rebellions led by the Poligars of Tirunelveli and Shivagana, and the sepoy revolt at Vellore in 1806.
Some important Chieftains or Poligars of Tamil Nadu, who fought the British East India Company as it was expanding, were Veerapandya Kattabomman, Maruthus and Pulithevan.
Tamil Nadu After Independence
Modern History (17th century)
The Dutch accomplished a settlement in Pulicat around 1609. The British, under the British East India Company, established a settlement further south, in present day Chennai, in the year 1639. The British took advantage of the petty quarrels among the provincial rulers (divide and rule) to expand their area of power.
The British fought with the various European powers, notably the French at Vandavasi (Wandiwash) in 1760, and the Dutch at Tharangambadi (Tranquebar), driving the Dutch away entirely, and reducing the French dominions in India to Pondicherry. The British also fought four wars with the Kingdom of Mysore under Hyder Ali and later his son Tipu Sultan, which led to their eventual domination of India's south. They consolidated southern India into the Madras Presidency.
The nationalist movement in Tamil Nadu was a movement of historical depth. Its starting point is the late eighteenth century. Early manifestations of anti-colonial feeling in Tamil Nadu were the rebellions led by the Poligars of Tirunelveli and Shivagana, and the sepoy revolt at Vellore in 1806.
Some important Chieftains or Poligars of Tamil Nadu, who fought the British East India Company as it was expanding, were Veerapandya Kattabomman, Maruthus and Pulithevan.
Tamil Nadu After Independence
After India gained independence in 1947, Madras Presidency became Madras State, comprising of present day Tamil Nadu, coastal andhra Pradesh, northern Kerala, and the southwest coast of Karnataka.
The state was later divided on the basis of linguistic lines. In 1953 the northern districts formed Andhra Pradesh. Under the States Reorganization Act, 1956, Madras State lost its western coastal districts. The Bellary and South Kanara districts were given to Mysore state, and Kerala was formed from the Malabar district, the former princely states of Travancore and Cochin. Finally, in 1968, when the Central Government imposed Hindi as the national language, the state of Madras was renamed Tamil Nadu, to reduce the resistance against this decision of the government.
Today, Tamil Nadu is one of the most prominent states of India, famous for its tourist attractions and drawing innumerable visitor's to the state
1. Chennai
Location : In Tamil Nadu, India.
Significance : Capital of Tamil Nadu.
Climate : Tropical
Chennai, The Capital City of Tamil Nadu
The state was later divided on the basis of linguistic lines. In 1953 the northern districts formed Andhra Pradesh. Under the States Reorganization Act, 1956, Madras State lost its western coastal districts. The Bellary and South Kanara districts were given to Mysore state, and Kerala was formed from the Malabar district, the former princely states of Travancore and Cochin. Finally, in 1968, when the Central Government imposed Hindi as the national language, the state of Madras was renamed Tamil Nadu, to reduce the resistance against this decision of the government.
Today, Tamil Nadu is one of the most prominent states of India, famous for its tourist attractions and drawing innumerable visitor's to the state
1. Chennai
Location : In Tamil Nadu, India.
Significance : Capital of Tamil Nadu.
Climate : Tropical
Chennai, The Capital City of Tamil Nadu
Chennai, one of the metropolitan cities in India, is often called the cultural capital of India for its deep-rooted traditions and long heritage. The city is a true reflection of this country's diversity. Chennai has flourished into a charming and welcoming city, in a time span of just over 350 years. This city encourages all forms of development, both modern technology and the traditional arts and crafts, and embraces a series of paradoxes.
Sprawled over an area of 200 square kilometers with the Bay of Bengal on the east, the city is the gateway to the rest of South India. There are abundant green patches found amidst the high-tech, high-rise buildings.
Chennai, the fourth largest city in India has a population of around six million. From pre - Independence days to present, the people of Chennai have played an important role in constructing India's political destiny.
Attractions At Chennai
Sprawled over an area of 200 square kilometers with the Bay of Bengal on the east, the city is the gateway to the rest of South India. There are abundant green patches found amidst the high-tech, high-rise buildings.
Chennai, the fourth largest city in India has a population of around six million. From pre - Independence days to present, the people of Chennai have played an important role in constructing India's political destiny.
Attractions At Chennai
Chennai is situated by the side of the Bay of Bengal and had been the British trading post for years. Amongst the must visits, well highlighted by Chennai tourism is the second longest beach in the world - Marina Beach. This beautiful golden beach has shimmering sands that invite innumerable tourists especially during the evenings. The British East India Company's St. George Fort is a famous landmark of Chennai. Another colonial structure in the city of Chennai worth visiting is the Santhome Cathedral. For the religious minded people, visit to the Kapaleeshwar Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva and Parthsarthy Temple dedicated to Lord Krishna is a must. For animal lovers Guindy National Park and Snake Park of Chennai offer memorable experiences.
Chennai also has the National Art Gallery that offers a good collection of old paintings and sculptures. The Theosophical Society is another must visit here. The lush green gardens with different shrines of various faiths attract tourists and pilgrims alike to Chennai. Being a metropolitan city, Chennai celebrates most of the festivals though during the festival of Pongal the place becomes a perfect destination to visit. The ideal time to visit Chennai is between the months of November to February.
An added attraction in the list of Chennai attractions is the Tidel Park, the home for the Information Technology Industry. It is spread over 1.28 million sq.ft. of built up area. The Tidel Park is an architectural marvel and houses several large national and international software companies in its premises.
Shopping Delight At Chennai
Chennai also has the National Art Gallery that offers a good collection of old paintings and sculptures. The Theosophical Society is another must visit here. The lush green gardens with different shrines of various faiths attract tourists and pilgrims alike to Chennai. Being a metropolitan city, Chennai celebrates most of the festivals though during the festival of Pongal the place becomes a perfect destination to visit. The ideal time to visit Chennai is between the months of November to February.
An added attraction in the list of Chennai attractions is the Tidel Park, the home for the Information Technology Industry. It is spread over 1.28 million sq.ft. of built up area. The Tidel Park is an architectural marvel and houses several large national and international software companies in its premises.
Shopping Delight At Chennai
Shopping in Chennai can be an exciting and satisfying experience. There is a wide variety of traditional and trendy merchandise such as carvings on brass, stone, wood and ivory, leather bikinis, bags, shoes, etc, available for you to buy. Traditional items from all over Tamil Nadu can be bought from Chennai like Pattamara Mats and the leaf and palmyra-fiber handicrafts from Tirunellveli, Metal works from Tanjavur, bronze and brass castings and traditional jewellery from Kumbakonam, stone carvings from Mamallapuram and Silks from Kanchipuram. The most popular shopping centers in Chennai are at Rannganatha Street in T. Nagar and Anna Salai.
Nearby Excursions
Chennai tourism offers some good excursion options. There are ancient temple towns like Mahabalipuram and Tirupati (in Andhra Pradesh), traditional townships and villages that specialize in crafts like Kanchipuram, and golden beaches like Covelong.
Reach Chennai
By Air : The Kamaraj Domestic Airport and the Anna International Airport are located at Meenambakkam about 20 kms from the city. Many major international airlines have regular direct flights to Chennai. Domestic airlines operate daily flights to all major cities of the country from the domestic terminal.
By Rail : Chennai is connected by rail with all major towns and cities in India. Main Railway Stationsof Chennai are, Chennai Central and Chennai Egmore. Trains operate from Egmore Junction to different parts of the state while interstate trains originate from Chennai Central Station.
By Road : Chennai is connected by good network of roads with all important places in Tamil Nadu and other parts of India. Many private vehicles are also available for domestic and interstate transportation. Some major road distances from Chennai to other cities; Bangalore (334kms), Kolkata (1678kms), Hyderabad (704 kms), Trivandrum(790kms), Delhi (2095 km), Mumbai (1329 kms).
2. Chidambaram
Location : 250 kms South of Chennai
Area : 5 sq. kms
Major Attractions : Nataraja Temple, Thillaikaliamman Temple,
Annamalai University
Ideal Time to Visit : February to June
Chidambaram, The Divine Land
Nearby Excursions
Chennai tourism offers some good excursion options. There are ancient temple towns like Mahabalipuram and Tirupati (in Andhra Pradesh), traditional townships and villages that specialize in crafts like Kanchipuram, and golden beaches like Covelong.
Reach Chennai
By Air : The Kamaraj Domestic Airport and the Anna International Airport are located at Meenambakkam about 20 kms from the city. Many major international airlines have regular direct flights to Chennai. Domestic airlines operate daily flights to all major cities of the country from the domestic terminal.
By Rail : Chennai is connected by rail with all major towns and cities in India. Main Railway Stationsof Chennai are, Chennai Central and Chennai Egmore. Trains operate from Egmore Junction to different parts of the state while interstate trains originate from Chennai Central Station.
By Road : Chennai is connected by good network of roads with all important places in Tamil Nadu and other parts of India. Many private vehicles are also available for domestic and interstate transportation. Some major road distances from Chennai to other cities; Bangalore (334kms), Kolkata (1678kms), Hyderabad (704 kms), Trivandrum(790kms), Delhi (2095 km), Mumbai (1329 kms).
2. Chidambaram
Location : 250 kms South of Chennai
Area : 5 sq. kms
Major Attractions : Nataraja Temple, Thillaikaliamman Temple,
Annamalai University
Ideal Time to Visit : February to June
Chidambaram, The Divine Land
The lovely town of Chidambaram is situated in the east-central part of Tamil Nadu state of southeastern India. It is located in the Coleroon River Valley on the Madras-Thanjavur road and rail system. Chidambaram (also Thillai) literally means the sky permeated by an atmosphere of intelligence and wisdom. It is one of the five Shaivite mukti sthalams, the other four being Kalahasti, Kanchipuram, Tiruvannamalai and Tiruvanaikaval.
Chidambaram tourism highlights the beautiful temples in the city, dedicated to Lord Nataraja - God Siva in the form of a Cosmic Dancer. It is one of the few temples where Siva and Vishnu are enshrined under one roof. This ancient temple was built by the Cholas. It is devoted solely to the art of Bharatanatyam and is one of the rare temples where Shiva is represented by an idol rather than the customary Lingam. Spread over an area of 40 acres with a gopuram on each side, the temple is distinguished by five sabhas or courts. Apart from this, the sacred land of Chidambarm, has many exquisite temples and attractions. But the unique feature of Chidambaram is that a person of any race or religion can visit the shrine and pray.
Places to Visit in Chidambaram
There are quite a good number of tourist attractions in Chidambaram. Amongst the must visits in Chidambaram is the Nataraja temple located in the center of the town, covering an area of 40 acres. It is one of the ancient temples of Tamil Nadu. The highlights of this temple are the Sivakamiamman temple, the Sivaganga tank and the thousand pillar hall. The Thillaikaliamman temple in Chidambaram is on the northern end of the town. It was built by Kopperunjingan, who ruled between 1229 AD and 1278 AD. Annamalai University is one of the major attractions in Chidambaram. It is a residential University founded by the Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiar.
Nearby Excursions
Places to Visit in Chidambaram
There are quite a good number of tourist attractions in Chidambaram. Amongst the must visits in Chidambaram is the Nataraja temple located in the center of the town, covering an area of 40 acres. It is one of the ancient temples of Tamil Nadu. The highlights of this temple are the Sivakamiamman temple, the Sivaganga tank and the thousand pillar hall. The Thillaikaliamman temple in Chidambaram is on the northern end of the town. It was built by Kopperunjingan, who ruled between 1229 AD and 1278 AD. Annamalai University is one of the major attractions in Chidambaram. It is a residential University founded by the Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiar.
Nearby Excursions
Chidambaram tourism offers an array of excursion options. There are many scenic and lovely destinations that are an important part of the excursion trip around Chidambaram. Pichavaram, located 16 kms. east of Chidambaram, is among the most beautiful spot with abundant and varied tourism resources. Neyveli, located about 30 kms from Chidambaram via Vadalur, is one of the biggest industrial complexes in the country. The Kalvarayan hills, situated 150 kms north west of Chidambaram on the western side of Kallakurichi Taluk is spread over an area of 600 sq. kms. Situated at a height that ranges between 315 mts. to 1190 mts., these hills are ideal for trekking. Every year in the month of May a summer festival is also held. Another exciting excursion destination is the Tarangambadi, once the site of a Danish settlement, has the remains of the Dansborg fort built by Ore Gedde, the commander of the Royal Dutch Navy, in the 17th century.
Festivals Celebrated in Chidambaram
Festivals Celebrated in Chidambaram
Some of the important festivals celebrated in Chidambram are, Markazhi Thiruvadhirai Day Festival celebrated in the months of December - January. The Adi Thirumanjanam Festival is celebrated in June and the Panguni Uthiram Festival is celebrated in the month of March.
Reach Chidambaram
By Air : The airports at Tiruchirapalli (195 km) and Chennai (245 km) are the nearest airports from Chidambaram. From Tiruchirapalli, Indian Airlines flights can be taken to Chennai (Madras). Chennai is connected to all the major cities in India and abroad through regular flights.
By Rail : Chidambaram is located on the Madras-Tiruchirapalli main line of the Southern Railway. It is connected with Tiruchirapalli, Madras, Madurai (335 km), Rameswaram (575 km), Bangalore (340 km), and Tirupati (290 km).
By Road : There are frequent bus services available to various places in Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Pondicherry states from Chidambaram. Non-stop bus services and express bus services are also available to major cities like Chennai.
Local Transport : Taxis and auto rickshaws are available without meter for local transportation. Buses and cycle rickshaws are also available here, but a ride on bullock carts is a specialty.
3. Coimbatore City
Location : Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
Area : 23.5 sq. km.
Attractions : Perur Temple, Marudhamalai Temple, Agricultural
University
Ideal Time to Visit : December to March
Coimbatore, The Manchester of South India.
Reach Chidambaram
By Air : The airports at Tiruchirapalli (195 km) and Chennai (245 km) are the nearest airports from Chidambaram. From Tiruchirapalli, Indian Airlines flights can be taken to Chennai (Madras). Chennai is connected to all the major cities in India and abroad through regular flights.
By Rail : Chidambaram is located on the Madras-Tiruchirapalli main line of the Southern Railway. It is connected with Tiruchirapalli, Madras, Madurai (335 km), Rameswaram (575 km), Bangalore (340 km), and Tirupati (290 km).
By Road : There are frequent bus services available to various places in Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Pondicherry states from Chidambaram. Non-stop bus services and express bus services are also available to major cities like Chennai.
Local Transport : Taxis and auto rickshaws are available without meter for local transportation. Buses and cycle rickshaws are also available here, but a ride on bullock carts is a specialty.
3. Coimbatore City
Location : Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
Area : 23.5 sq. km.
Attractions : Perur Temple, Marudhamalai Temple, Agricultural
University
Ideal Time to Visit : December to March
Coimbatore, The Manchester of South India.
Coimbatore, the third largest city of Tamil Nadu, is one of the most important industrial cities in Tamil Nadu. This old city existed even prior to the 2nd century AD as the capital of a small tribal village. Situated on the banks of the River Noyyal, Coimbatore is located in the rain shadow region of the Western ghats, providing a very pleasant climate, throughout the year. The fresh breeze that flows in through the 25 km long Palakkad gap, refreshes your soul and mind on your travel vacations in Coimbatore. The rich black soil of the region is a major reason for Coimbatore's flourishing agricultural industry. Coimbator is famous for its textile industry and is also called the Manchester of the South
The thriving growth of cotton has served as a foundation for the establishment of Coimbatore's textile industry. Coimbatore is the gateway to the neighboring Kerala and the popular hill station of Udhagamandalam (Ooty).
Attractions At Coimbatore
The thriving growth of cotton has served as a foundation for the establishment of Coimbatore's textile industry. Coimbatore is the gateway to the neighboring Kerala and the popular hill station of Udhagamandalam (Ooty).
Attractions At Coimbatore
Coimbatore is snuggled near the Western Ghats and bestowed with a pleasant climate throughout the year. One of the interesting tourist spots of South India, Coimbatore is rich in flora and fauna. Coimbatore's landscape is marked with glorious temples and is one of the loved places by tourists. There many travel attractions, which pull tourists in good number. One of the attractions here is the Coimbatore Agriculture University. It is one of the most reputed institutes of its kind in South Asia. Since the city is a rich agricultural area, the university is a must visit. The VOC Park and Zoo, an amusement park, is named after the famous freedom fighter V. O. Chidambaram.
Another important attraction here is the Perur Temple, situated about 6 km from Coimbatore. It is one of the seven Kongu Sivalayams. The temple has shrines to the presiding deity Patteeswarar and his consort Pachainayaki. There are also some elegantly carved sculptures in the Kanagasabai hall. The Marudhamalai Temple is well-known temple of this area, located on a hillock about 12 km from Coimbatore Railway Station. This temple is dedicated to Lord Subramanya. There's also the Forest College, which is one of the oldest institutions of its kind in the country. It is situated 3.5 kms. north of the Railway Station. Other travel attractions at Coimbatore are the Black Thunder, a water park located about 8 kms. from Mettupalayam - Ooty Ghat Road at the foot hills of Nilgiris. The Vaideki Water Falls, located 30 kms. from Coimbatore via. Narasipuram village, is a fine picnic spot for trekkers.
Nearby Excursions
Coimbatore offers a good number of interesting getaway destinations. The exotic and calm environment, lovely locales and rich fauna enthrall innumerable tourists. Some of these exciting travel places are Siruvani Waterfalls, an enchanting site located 37 km to the west of Coimbatore. Then there's the Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary situated about 90 kms away from Coimbatore. It is home to a wide variety of animals and birds. The Thirumoorthy Temple is considered one of the most sacred temples here. It is situated at the foot of Thirumoorthy Hills adjacent to the Thirumoorthy Dam. Bhavani around 121 kms away is known for the Sangameshwarar temple. This is situated at the merging point of the rivers Bhavani and Cauvery.
Shopping
Another important attraction here is the Perur Temple, situated about 6 km from Coimbatore. It is one of the seven Kongu Sivalayams. The temple has shrines to the presiding deity Patteeswarar and his consort Pachainayaki. There are also some elegantly carved sculptures in the Kanagasabai hall. The Marudhamalai Temple is well-known temple of this area, located on a hillock about 12 km from Coimbatore Railway Station. This temple is dedicated to Lord Subramanya. There's also the Forest College, which is one of the oldest institutions of its kind in the country. It is situated 3.5 kms. north of the Railway Station. Other travel attractions at Coimbatore are the Black Thunder, a water park located about 8 kms. from Mettupalayam - Ooty Ghat Road at the foot hills of Nilgiris. The Vaideki Water Falls, located 30 kms. from Coimbatore via. Narasipuram village, is a fine picnic spot for trekkers.
Nearby Excursions
Coimbatore offers a good number of interesting getaway destinations. The exotic and calm environment, lovely locales and rich fauna enthrall innumerable tourists. Some of these exciting travel places are Siruvani Waterfalls, an enchanting site located 37 km to the west of Coimbatore. Then there's the Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary situated about 90 kms away from Coimbatore. It is home to a wide variety of animals and birds. The Thirumoorthy Temple is considered one of the most sacred temples here. It is situated at the foot of Thirumoorthy Hills adjacent to the Thirumoorthy Dam. Bhavani around 121 kms away is known for the Sangameshwarar temple. This is situated at the merging point of the rivers Bhavani and Cauvery.
Shopping
Coimbatore is not a popular shopping destination but one can surely look forward to buy a few things. Coimbatore is an important industrial city of Tamil Nadu renowned for its textile mills and engineering industry. Some of the main places to shop in Coimbatore are, Big Bazaar at Oppanakkara Street, Raja Street at Ranga Gownder Street, Sukravar Pettai (for Handloom Saris), Poompuhar Handicrafts Emporium, Co-optex, Khadikrafts and Tansi Sales Center.
Reach Coimbatore
By Air : Peelamedu airport is 10-km from the Coimbatore city, which operates regular flights to Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai, Kochi and Madurai.
By Rail : Coimbatore is a major railway junction on the Southern Railways and has trains to Chennai, Rameswaram, Madurai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Kanyakumari, Kozhikode, Mettupalayam, Kochi and Delhi.
By Road : Coimbatore is connected by road with all major places in South India.
Local Transportation : For local transportation, city buses, taxis and auto rickshaws are available. State Transport Corporation ply mini luxury coaches between various points in the city and airport.
4. Kanchipuram City
Location : 70 kms from Chennai
Area : 11.6 Sq. Kms
Attractions : Kanchipuram temples
Ideal Time to Visit : September to May
Kanchipuram, The City of Temples
One of the most sacred sites in India, Kanchipuram is the seat of the Shankaracharya. The city is situated around 70 kms from Chennai in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Kanchipuram was the capital city of the early Chola kings in the 2nd century BC and a Pallava capital between the 6th and 8th centuries.
Known as the city of thousand temples, it is one of the seven most sacred pilgrim centers for the Hindus. Kanchi has about 126 temples remaining in total and a few more in its outskirts.
Besides its temples, Kanchipuram is also known for its growing hand loom industry. This beautiful small city has many silk weavers residing here from more than 400 years ago. This has made it the best the producer of some of the finest silk sarees in the country. The Kanchipuram silk sarees are exotic pieces of art, woven from pure mulberry silk. Available in a variety of designs, these sarees have blazing colours and are decorated with fine gold thread (zari).
History
The ancient city of temples, Kanchipuram, is one of the most important centers of Hindu religion. It is also one of the most picture perfect towns. It is considered one of India's seven sacred cities and the second holiest city after Varanasi.
It was once the capital city of the Pallavas, Cholas, and the Vijayanagar rulers. Many of the temples situated here are built by the Pallavas and later Cholas.
A few Buddhist stupas remining here indicate the presence of Buddhism in earlier centuaries. The Kanchi Kamakotti Peetham situated here is one of the four seats of Sri Adi Shankaracharya (a great Hindu sage). It has been a center of Tamil learning and culture for centuries and presents the glorious Dravidian heritage of the Vaishnavites (worshippers of Vishnu) and Shaivites (worshippers of Shiva).
Attractions At Kanchipuram
Kanchipuram is a scared pilgrimage with many beautiful temples, the holy town is one of the holiest places in India. The temples found here are grand and majestic. They are very popular among devotees, who flock this temple in huge numbers. Some of the most important temples here are the Ekambaranathar Temple, built by the Pallavas and later reconstructed by the Chola and Vijayanagar kings, that makes excellent trip to Kanchipuram. This temple owns 11 stories and one of the tallest temple towers in South India. It is beautifully decorated with sculptures. Another sacred temple here is the Vaikunta Perumal Temple which dates back to the 8th century. It was built by Nandivarma Pallava. There are scenes from battle carved on the panels encircling the main parikrama of this Vaishnavite temple. These scenes depict the bravory of Pallava kings. Anothere temple, the Varadaraja Temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu who is worshipped as Devarajaswamy here. This temple has a 100-pillared hall, built by the Vijayanagar kings presenting the skillfulness of their artists.
Other important temples of the region are the Kailasanathar Temple and the Kamakshi Amman Temple. The Kailasanathar Temple was constructed by the Pallava kings in the 8th century AD. It has a captivating panel portraying Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati in the midst of one of their many dance competitions. The architecture of this temple resembles the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram. At the same time the Kamakshi Amman Temple has a grand structure, dedicated to goddess Parvati in her incarnation as Kamakshi, the goddess of Love.
Excursions
Kanchipuram extends its sacredness and beauty to its nearby areas also. Thus, offering a number of excursion trip options. Some of these are Tiruttani near Kanchipuram, one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanya, situated on a hilltop. The temple has 365 steps, leading to the hill, these steps represent the days of the year. Another important trip is to the Sriperumbudur, situated about 29 kms from Chennai on the way to Kanchipuram. It is the birthplace of Saint Ramanujar, the father of the Vishishtadvaita philosophy of Vaishnavism and hence an important pilgrim center for the Vaishnavites.
One of the most vital places around Kanchipuram is the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary sitauted about 60 km from Kanchi. On your bird sighting trip to Kanchipuram, one can find many migratory birds like the sandpiper, white ibis, spoonbill, swan and gray wagtail etc. Definitely, a worth visiting place. Another destination around Kanchi is the Elagiri Hill. This hill is a detached and a popular picnic spot in the Eastern Ghats situated at a height of about 1000 m. The healthy climate, natural beauty and a Murugan temple makes it a must visit place.
Fairs & Festivals
Kanchipuram, the city of temples celebrates fairs and festivals all round the year. Some important festivals include the Brahmothsavam, Garudothsavam, and Car (rath) festivals, celebrated in the months of January, April, and May respectively.
Reach Kanchipuram
By Air : Chennai (75 kms) is the nearest airport from Kanchipuram. One can take flights for most of the important Indian cities and for abroad from Chennai.
By Rail : Trains for Kanchipuram are available from Chennai, Chengalpattu, Tirupati, and Bangalore.
By Road : Kanchipuram is 75 kms away from Chennai and is well connected by a good network of roads.
Local Transportation : Tourists interested in visiting the temples can rent bicycles or use cycle-rickshaws and auto-rickshaws.
5. Kanyakumari
Location : The southernmost point of peninsular India.
Area : 11.6 sq km
Attractions : Kanyakumari Temple, Gandhi Memorial,
Vivekananda & Rock Memorial
Ideal Time to Visit : October to March
Kanyakumari, The Southernmost Tip of India
Kanyakumari or the Cape Comorin, the southern most tip of peninsular India is sprawled over an area of 1672 sq. km, occupying 1.29% of the total extent of Tamil Nadu. Kanyakumari is also known as Kanniyakumari in Tamil Language. It is the confluence point of three oceans - the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Apart from this, it is also a vital Hindu pilgrim center, renowned for its exotic sunrises and sunsets over the horizon. One of the unique features of Kanyakumari is the multicolored sand found on its beach.
This exquisite land is encircled by majestic hills along with swaying coconut trees and paddy fields. There are also a few elevated patches of red cliffs and some free flowing valleys presenting an eye-pleasing scene. One can also see plains between the mountainous terrain and the sea - coast, with Temples and Churches standing proudly. Truly, a beautiful way to mark the end of the land of marvelous India.
History of Kanyakumari
Kanyakumari or the Cape Comorin was once known as the Alexandria of the east. A hub of art, culture, civilization, and pilgrimage for years, it is famous for commerce and trade. The architecture of this beautiful beach land is greatly inspired by religions like Islam, Christianity and Jainism. Kanyakumari was ruled by the Cholas, the Cheras, the Pandyas and the Nayaks, all great rulers of south India. The credit for the architectural beauty of the temples found in Kanyakumari goes to these rulers. Kanyakumari was given the name Cape Comorin by the British as it was easier for them to pronounce.
According to a legend Kanya Devi, an avatar of Goddess Parvati, was supposed to wed Lord Shiva. But he did not turn up at the auspicious time and the wedding never took place. Therefore the rice and cereals, which were to be used for the marriage remained uncooked. The stones found here resemble rice and cereals and today one can buy these stones. Native population believes that they are the leftovers of the legendary marriage that could not be solemnized. and the princess Kanya Devi, became a virgin goddess blessing pilgrims and tourists alike.
Attractions At Kanyakumari
Kanyakumari has many tourist attractions luring innumerable tourists, well promoted by tourism department of Tamil Nadu. Among the most important are the Kumari Amman or the Kanyakumari Temple, located on the sea shore. It is dedicated to a manifestation of Parvati, the virgin goddess who did penance to obtain Lord Shiva's hand in marriage. There are two rocks reaching out of the ocean, situated southeast of the Kumari Amman temple. One among these is Sri Padaparai, where the footprints of the virgin goddess are said to be imprinted on the rock. It is said that Swami Vivekananda sat in deep meditation and here one can also find the famous Vivekananda Rock Memorial built in 1970. There is also a dhyana mandapam here, a perfect place to meditate. Another important attraction here is the Gandhi Memorial, built on the spot where the vase consisting the Mahatma's ashes was kept for public viewing before submersion.
Excursions
Excursions are always exciting and the excursion destinations from Kanyakumari are all the more fun. Some of the major tourism destinations nearby are Vattakottai (literally, circular fort), an 18th-century fort dominating the sea is located about six kms from Kanyakumari. The Udayagiri Fort situated around 34 kms, is built by King Marthanda Varma in 1729-1758 AD.
Another destination, situated around 13 kms from Kanyakumari is Suchindram. The Thanumalayan temple here is a depository of art that treasures belonging of those kingdoms, who once ruled this place. The Nagaraja Temple at Nagarkoil situated about 20 kms is a splendid temple with Nagaraja as the worshiped deity. The Padmanabhapuram Palace is located around 45 kms from Kanyakumari. It is a large mansion of the Travancore Kings and is famous for its engrossing natural magnificence.
Tiruchendur located around 85 kms away from Kanyakumari is the venue of a beautiful temple dedicated to Lord Subramanya. This shore temple on the Bay of Bengal is one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanya. The Courtallam Fall situated almost 137 kms and located at a height of 167 m, is believed to contain therapeutic water.
Festivals
Some of the important festivals celebrated here are the Chaitra Purnima Festival celebrated in the first week of May, Navratri celebrated in the last week of October and the Holy Annual Festival of the Roman Catholic Church celebrated in the fourth week of December. These are the notable festivals celebrated in Kanyakumari.
Reach Kanyakumari
By Air : The nearest airport from Kanyakumari is situated at Trivandrum about 80 kms away. It is directly connected with Bangalore, Mumbai, Cochin, Delhi, Goa, and Chennai by regular flights.
By Rail : Kanyakumari is well connected by rail to major parts of the country. Kanyakumari is connected to Thiruvananthapuram, Delhi, and Mumbai by broad-gauge railway network. Superfast trains connect the southern most railhead of India with northern cities like Jammu and Delhi. Tirunelvelli, situated around 80 kms away from Kanyakumari is the other nearest railway junction and can be reached by road via Nagarkoil (19 km).
By Road : Kanyakumari is connected by road to Trivandrum (86 km), Nagarkoil (19 km), Tirunelvelli (91 km), Tiruchendur (89 km), Tuticorin (129 km), Rameshwaram (300 km), Courtallam (130 km), Madurai (242 km), Thekkady (358 km), Kodaikanal (362 km), Palani (370 km), Ootacamund (576 km), Cochin (309 km), and Coimbatore (478 km).
Local Transportation : For local transportation there are tourist vehicles and intercity trains, running from almost all the southern cities.
6. Kodaikanal Hill Station
Location : Dindugal District, Tamil Nadu
Area : 21.45 sq.kms
Attractions : Berijam Lake, Boat Club, Bryant Park
Ideal Time to Visit : April to June and September to October
A Soothing Hill Station
Kodaikanal, also known as Kodai, is a mesmerizing hill station perfect for a holiday destination. Situated on the southern tip of the upper Palani Hills, Kodai is located in Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu state. It is situated at a height of about 2,133-m and spreads over an area of 21.45-sq-km. A popular tourist holiday destination, having many natural splendors such as waterfalls, a pleasant lake, and many beautiful mountain viewpoints.The place is also known for hill-plantation of fruits and plums known for their freshness and taste. Kodaikanal is also famous for educational institutions of international repute. From Kodai, Mount Perumal, an extinct volcano, can also be viewed.
Attractions At Kodaikanal
Kodaikanal, the hill-station is an attraction in itself, topped up by various important attractions. Some of the major attractions here are, the Kodaikanal Lake, a magnificent man-made lake, which spreads out in a star shape over sixty acres. It is a main attraction as it is set among the lush greenery. An added attraction is the boat club, offering several pleasure and racing holiday trips. The Berijam Lake located at a distance of 21-km from Kodaikanal is an important attraction here. Having a star like shape, it is Spread over an area of 24 hectares and is known for its pure water. There's also a park here called the Bryant Park situated on the eastern side of the lake and is famous for flowers, hybrids and rafts.
Another important attraction here is the Shenbaganur Museum , located about 5 Kms from the lake. This museum has more than 300 species of orchids and a wide collection of birds. Another exotic attraction, the Coaker's Walk, is an high-edged pathway. It derives its name from Lt. Coaker, who prepared the map of Kodai. It is situated about a kilometer from the lake, running along a steep slope on the southern side of the Kodai. A famous temple of this region, the Kurinji andavar Temple has Lord Murugan as the presiding deity. It is situated about 3.2-kms from the lake. From this temple, one can get a view of the northern plains and Palani Hills.
Excursions
Excursions are supposed to energize you and this what the several excursion spots in and around Kodaikanal do. Among the most famous are the Dolphin's Nose, located about 8 kms from the Kodaikanal lake. It is a flat protruding rock, offering breathtaking views of the valley. Then, there is the Perumal Peak, situated about 11 km from Kodaikanal, which is another popular destination. It is considered trekker's delight and the trek starts from the Neutral Saddle. One of the popular picnic holiday destination, the Periyakulam town is situated around 21 km from Kodaikanal. Another important destination for excellent holiday is the Kukal Cave, situated about 40 kms from Kodaikanal. It is a favorite camping site for trekkers and it is said that the descendants of the Paliyans still live here.
Adventure
Kodaikanal offers a lot of adventure options to tourists on their holiday trip in the town. One of these options is the Golf Club, located 5-km from the Kodaikanal Lake. Boating and Angling facilities are available at the Kodaikanal Lake. There are many beautiful trek routes available in and around Kodaikanal. Kodaikanal in the Palani Hills is perfect for small-time trekking. You can take short treks and hikes to tourist spots close by. Overnight treks are also possible here where one can spend a night at a local village.
There's also a Boat Club here, built in the year 1910. It was opened from May 1929 for few tourists who had permit. Later on, it was opened totally for the public in 1932. Boats like T.T.D.C, Kodai boats, Carlton boats are available for hire.
Shopping At Kodaikanal
Kodaikanal is not a famous shopping destination but one can definitely look forward to buy artifacts and gift items. The famous places to shop in Kodaikanal are the Khadi Emporium, Handloom Co-operative Stores and Travancore Crafts Work, Government Sales Emporium, Kurinji Mini Supermarket, Spencer and Company.
Fairs and Festivals At Kodaikanal
Summer festivals are celebrated at hill stations of Tamil Nadu including Ooty, Kodaikanal and Yercaud. These summer festival involve many Cultural programs, adventure sports, boat races, flower and fruit shows, adding charm to the festival.
Reach Kodaikanal
By Air : The nearest airport from Kodaikanal is at Madurai about 120 kms away. It is well connected to other airports, especially Chennai.
By Rail : The nearest railway stations from Kodaikanal are the Kodai Road Railway Station around 80 kms away and the Palani Railway Station is situated about 64-kms from Kodaikanal.
By Road : Kodaikanal is connected by road with Chennai (520-km), Ooty (264-km), Trichy (197-km), Coimbatore (175-km), Kumili (160-km), and Madurai(120-km). Regular bus services are available from Madurai, Palani, Kodaikanal Road, Theni, Dindigul, Tiruchirapalli, Kumuli (Thekkady) and Coimbatore.
Local Transportation : Taxis and vans are available for local transportation. Auto-rickshaws are not available at Kodaikanal.
7. Madurai
Location : Madurai, Tamil Nadu
Area : 22 Sq. Kms
Attractions : The Meenakshi Temple, Mariamman
Teppakulam,Tirumalai Naik
Ideal Time to Visit : November to February
Madurai, The Temple City
Tamil Nadu travel guide will takes you to another temple city of South India. Madurai is the second largest city of the state of Tamil Nadu. It is famous for its temples, especially for the celebrated Meenakshi Temple. Situated on the banks of river Vaigai, it derives its name from the divine nectar (Madhu) that was showered from the locks of Lord Shiva according to a popular legend. The city has a rich cultural heritage which it has inherited from the great Tamil era, which is more than 2500 years old. Once the capital of the great Pandya kings, Madurai was an important cultural and commercial center even as early as 550 AD.
Today, Madurai is a well-known producer of some of the finest textiles in India and some of the best harvests of jasmine flowers. The city of Madurai is also mentioned in Megasthenes' Indica. He was an ancient Greek diplomat and envoy to India in the 3rd century BC , who wrote praises about this temple city. Madurai's glory reached its peak, during the reign of the Cholas and then during the Pandyas' regime in the 13th century.
History of Madurai
Madurai, the city is as old as its history, which dates back to the Sangam period of the pre Christian era. Madurai's honour returned in an impaired form in the earlier part of this millennium. Later, Madurai came under the rule of the Vijayanagar kingdom, after it was plundered by the destructive armies of Delhi (Malik Kafur).
During the 16th and 18th centuries, Madurai was ruled by the Nayak Emperors, the foremost of whom was Tirumalai Nayakar. In the Sangam period, poet Nakkeerar was associated with some of the Tiruvilayaadal episodes of Sundareswarar. Even today these episodes are enacted as a part of temple festival traditions.
Attractions At Madurai
The ancient and historical city of Madurai has many places that pulls tourists from all over the world and makes it one of the most travel destinatiions in South India. Among the most famous attractions at Madurai, is the Meenakshi Amman Temple, where the main deities are Goddess Meenakshi and Lord Shiva.
The temple has 985 beautifully sculptured pillars, forming the Thousand Pillar Mandapam Hall. It has also been the center of Tamil art, music and dance.
The Vandiyur Mariamman Teppakulam is another prime attraction in Madurai. The presiding deity of this temple is Lord Vigneshwara. This temple is also the host of the annual float festival celebrated in the months of January and February. Thirupparankundram, situated 6 kms southwest of Madurai, is a small town known for its sacred granite hill. This place is regarded as one of the six dwellings of Lord Subramaniyam.
There is also a cave temple and a rock cut temple built by the Pandyas in the 8th century. Besides these attractions, Munnar, Thekkadi Wildlife Sanctuary and Palani Hills are other places of interest around Madurai.
Excursions
Madurai travel offer a number excursion options, which are exciting and intriguing. Some of the important ones are Vaigai Dam situated at a distance of 69 km, on the way to Thekkady. It is a beautiful picnic spot and is popular with the tourists and locals alike. Situated in the Western Ghats at a height of 2,130 m above sea level, Kodaikanal is a picturesque hill station. It is about 120 kms away from Madurai. The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated at a distance of 155 km from Madurai. The sanctuary is famous as the natural habitat for a wide variety of animals.
Shopping At Madurai
Shopping at Madurai can be fun, here you can buy cotton and batiks, for which Madurai is famous. The Prithu Mandapam Market is a famous market of Maduari, situated just inside the eastern entrance of the Meenakshi Temple. Let yourself relax and visit the Pottramarai tank to feel the essence of Maduari.
Festivals At Maduari
Festivals are celebrated in all twelve Tamil months at Madurai Meenakshi temple. Some of the popular festivals are Chithirai festival celebrated in the months of April - May and Avanimool festival celebrated in the months of September - Ocotber. Other important festivals are the Navarathri Festival and the Float Festival celebrated in the months of January- February.
Reach Madurai
By Air : Madurai has its own airport situated 10 kms away from the city. There are daily flights to Madurai from Chennai, Bangalore, Tiruchi & Coimbatore.
By Rail : Madurai is an important railway junction of the Southern Railway and is directly connected to Chennai and Tirunelveli. Madurai is on the Madurai-Tiruchirappalli-Dindigul-Quilon route.
By Road : The city has excellent roads connecting Madurai to all parts of South India. It has 5 Major bus stand.
8. Mamallapuram City
Mamallapuram also Known As Mahabalipuram
Loaction : 60 kms South of Chennai
Area : 8 sq. kms.
Attractions : Arjuna's Penance, Shore Temple and The five Rathas.
Ideal Time to Visit : October to March
Mahabalipuram, A World Heritage Site
Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram is located around 60 kms south from the city of Chennai in Tamil Nadu. It is a 7th century port city of the South Indian dynasty of the Pallavas. It is believed to have been named after either the demon king Mahabali, or the Pallava king Mamalla. Mahabalipuram has various historic monuments built mostly between the 7th and the 9th century. The most famous monument here is the Shore Temple, which looks absolutely mesmerizing when lit by moonlight. This historical city has been crowned as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Most of the monuments here are rock-cut and monolithic. They represent the early phases of Dravidian architecture wherein Buddhist elements of design can be seen clearly. There are cave temples, monolithic rathas (chariots), sculpted reliefs and structural temples found here. The pillars are of the Dravidian order and the sculptures are excellent examples of Pallava art. The majestic Mahabalipuram, invokes a certain kind of mystery, with its sculptural extravaganza depicting strong artistic temperament of the Pallavas who were the pioneers in South Indian art.
Attractions at Mahabalipuram
Your travel vacations to Mahabalipuram, the beautiful beach city located on a rocky outcrop between the beach and a lagoon is going to be a life time experience. Mahabalipuram is a blessed combination of history, good beaches and hassle-free tourism. It is known for its group of pleasing rathas and the dramatically carved relief depicting Arjuna's Penance. The magnificent Shore Temple, built by king Rajasimha in the 7th century, is an outstanding temple that has the shrines of both Shiva and Vishnu. The Varaha Cave another major attraction which is one of the many rock-cut caves in Mahabalipuram. The Krishna Mandapam, one of the most visited places, has a bas-relief of Lord Krishna lifting the Govardhan hill on his fingertips.
Nearby Excursions
Mahabalipuram travel guide offers excellent excursion opportunities in the city. It makes a complete Golden Triangle circuit of South India along with Chennai and Kanchipuram. People who visit Chennai and Kanchipuram definitely come to this beautiful place also. Kanchipuram, located around 65 km from Mahabalipuram is famous for some of India's finest silk saris. The Kanchi weavers definitely deserve a beautiful ode !This small and dusty town of kanchipuram is popularly called the 'Golden Town of a Thousand Temples'. It is famous for the Kamakshi, Varadarajaswami, and Kailasanathar temples, some outstandingly beautiful temples. Vedanthangal another worth visiting destination is renowned for a bird sanctuary, which is one of India's largest sanctuaries. The Covelong beach here is famous for its golden sand and other historical monuments. The Crocodile Bank at a distance of 14 kms and Muttukadu around 21 kms away from Chidambaram are also worth a visit.
Events and Festivals
On your travel trip to Mahabalipuram participate in diverse festivals celebrated by the locals.Among the festivals celebrated in Mahabalipuram, Pongal is the most important. It is one of the most auspicious festivals for the Tamils. It is celebrated in mid-January every year. The festival is celebrated with gaiety and joy not only in Tamil Nadu but also in most parts of South India. Mahabalipuram Dance Festival is a perfect occasion for the dance lovers, who can enjoy the performances of the artists from all parts of the country. This festival is celebrated in the month of January/February every year. The Shore Temple is the venue of this festival and the music from the musical instruments along with the music created by the natural surroundings provides an overwhelming experience. The Sthalasayana Perumal temple festivals, Masimagam and Brahmothsavam, are held in the month of March.
Reach Mahabalipuram
By Air : The nearest airport from Mahabalipuram is Chennai (Madras), located around 60 km away. One can get flights for almost all major destinations in India and abroad.
By Rail : The nearest railway station is at Chengalpattu, around 29 km away from Mahabalipuram. Trains for Chennai and several other major cities in South India are available from here.
By Road : Mamallapuram or Mahabalipuram is connected with good roads to major destinations like Chennai, Tirukkalikundram (Pakshithirtham), Kanchipuram (65 km), Pondicherry and Chengalpattu. Tourists can also hire a taxi from Chennai.
9. (Ooty) Udhagamandalam
Location : Niligiri District, Tamil Nadu
Area : 36 Sq. kms.
Attractions : Ooty Lake, Dodabetta peak, Botanical Garden
Ideal Time to Visit : February to May and September to November.
Ooty, The Queen of Hills
Known as the "Queen of hill stations" Udhagamandalam (Ooty), is the capital of Nilgiri district. Ooty is situated at a distance of 105 km from Coimbatore, at an altitude of 7,349 feet above the sea level in the Nilgiris. The temperature ranges from 25 degree Celsius in summers, to chilling cold in winters. Doddabetta is the highest peak of 2623 kms and the height of the hills in the Nilgiri range varies between 2280 and 2290 meters.
Ooty is situated at the meeting point of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka, three southern states of India. This lovely hill station was established by the Britishers, in the first half of the 19th century. It also serves as summer headquarters for the government of Madras. Earlier, the area was inhabited by Todas, the tribal people who still live here.
Attractions At Ooty
The beautiful hill station of Ooty, draws quite a good number of tourists from all over the world. The natural beauty of this region is outstanding and memorable. Apart from the natural splendors, Ooty has many more attractions that are worth a visit. Some of the important ones are the Botanical Gardens sprawled over an area of 50-acre. It was established by Marquis of Tweeddale in the year 1848. These gardens lie on the lower slopes of the Doddabetta peak, the highest point in Ooty. Another exotic garden found here is the Rose Gardens, situated about 3 to 4-km away from Charring Cross. They are spread over an area of 10 acres of land with 2000 variety of roses.
There is also a Mini Garden over here along with a children amusement park. Definitely, a worth visiting site. Another famous attraction here is the Ooty Lake, a charming artificial lake. Constructed in 1824 by Mr. John Sullivan, the then Collector of Coimbatore. A noteworthy attraction of Ooty is the St Stephens Church situated in the hilly area on Club Road. It is said to be the oldest church in the Nilgiris. This church was built in the year 1829 and consecrated in 1830. The cemetery close by houses the grave of John Sullivan, the founder of Ooty. Another outstanding attraction here is the Doddabetta peak. It is the highest peak (2623 meters) in the Nilgiris and is situated about 10-km from Ooty, offering a beautiful view of the Nilgiri hill ranges.
Another engrossing attraction here is the Deer park situated at a distance of 1-km from the Lake. It is a worth visiting park. There is also a Government Museum, situated at Mysore Road in Ooty. It owns a wide collection of items of tribal objects.
District's ecological details and representative sculptural arts and crafts of Tamil Nadu. It was set up in 1989, with an aim to provide education benefits to the residing and visiting population of Nilgiri district. Another attraction here is the Hindustan Photo Films, one of the major industrial units of the district. It is located about 5-km away from Ooty railway station and is sprawled over an area of over 300 acres, near the Ooty golf-links on the Ooty- Mysore road.
Excursions
Ooty offers a lot of exotic excursion destinations. Some of the important excursion destination are The Mukkurthi Peak and National Park, located around 40-km from Ooty. The Kollaribetta and Nilgiris Peak are other major peaks around. A number of little perennial streams flow between these peaks, which fall into Bhavani Puzha. Another major excursion destination here is the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, located near the Nilgiri Hills. This sanctuary has varied landscape with open grassland, swamp and valley.
Near Ooty, Pykara is an important excursion destination, situated at a distance of 21-km. The tourist attractions of this place are the Toda settlements, untouched meadows and rich wildlife habitat. Other added attractions at Pykara are the Pykara Dam, Pykara falls and a lovely reservoir.
Adventure
The Nilgiris near Ooty are a trekker's delight. Here you can try your hands on adventure sports like Hang-Gliding, Angling and Trekking. A trek can be a thrilling experience, full of excitement and adventure. It will change your way of seeing and enjoying nature.
Festivals
At Ooty, a summer festival is held each year during the month of May in the Botanical Gardens. The Flower Show is the highlight of this festival. There are many Cultural programmes organized for those interested in traditional classical arts. Adventure sports like trekking also forms part of the festival. The annual "Tea and Tourism Festival" celebrated in the month of January is a festival attracting quite a good number of tourists.
Shopping
There is a range of things that one can buy from Ooty. Exclusive Nilgiri products including Nilgiri tea, fruits, natural oils like Eucalyptas, Toda embroideries, plant nurseries are easily available in the town. Some of the best places to shop fruits and general groceries are Co-operative Super Market and Municipal Market. Kairali of Kerala Handicrafts and Poompuhar of Tamil Nadu Handicrafts have their showrooms near to Super Market Buildings on Charring Cross.
Reach Ooty
By Air : The Coimbatore airport, situated around 105 km from Ooty, is the nearest airport.
By Rail : Ooty is on the narrow gauge railway, connected to Mettupalayam (47 km), which is directly connected to Coimbatore and Chennai. The famous toy train connects Ooty with Mettupalayam and Coonoor.
By Road : A good network of roads and national highways connect Ooty with all major towns and cities. There are regular bus services to and from Coimbatore, Trichy, Bangalore, Madurai, Kanyakumari, Mysore, Palghat, Calicut, Tirupati and other important destinations in South India. Ooty is also well connected with major cities of Kerala and Karnataka.
Local Transport : Taxis, tourist cabs, auto rickshaws are available in plenty. Except for tourist cabs there are no standard rates. Town buses are also available to all important places. Conducted sight seeing tours are arranged by the private operators and the Government Tourism Development Corporation
10. Rameshwaram City
Location : Island of Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu
Area : 61.8 sq. kms.
Attractions : Ramanatha Swamy Temple, Rameshwaram temple
And Ramjharoka temple
Ideal Time to Visit : January to March
Rameshwaram, The Sacred Island
The religious island of Rameshwaram is sprawled in an area of 61.8 sq. kms and is in the shape of a conch. The island of Rameshwaram is the island, where Lord Rama's temple is located. Apart from being a major pilgrimage for the Hindus, Rameshwaram is also a popular holiday spot. Tourist often take a holiday trip to this destination to indulge in beach sports activities in Rameshwaram.
Also known as the 'Benaras of the south', Rameshwaram is an important Hindu pilgrimage, infact a pilgrimage without visiting Rameshwaram is not complete. It is said that in order to attain Moksha one must visit Rameshwaram. The presiding deity is the Linga of Sri Ranganatha, which happens to be one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of India.
History
The Hindu mythology says that in the story of Ramayana, Lord Rama performed thanksgiving rituals to Lord Shiva after the battle at Sri Lanka and his triumph over the demon king Ravana. This is the reason why Rameshwaram attracts Vaishnavites (worshippers of Lord Vishnu) and Saivites (worshippers of Lord Shiva) both. The entire area of Rameshwaram is associated with various incidents from the Ramayana. Infact Rameshwaram is one of the most visited pilgrim sites in India.
Attractions At Rameshwaram
Rameshwaram is a destination, which attracts tourists with its history and grandeur. Rameshwaram has some of the most exciting attractions. Some of them include, Ramanatha Swamy Temple and the Agnitriham tank. People coming to visit this temple , ideally take a bath at the Agnitriham. Another significant attraction is the Ramjharoka temple, which houses the imprints of Lord Rama' s feet placed on a chakra. This temple is situated at the highest point of the Island of Rameshwaram, Gandamadana Parvatham, another major tourist attraction. This point is situated at a distance of 5 kms from Rameshwaram.
The entire Rameshwaram is dotted with temples in honor of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana and Hanuman. In the south of the island of Rameshwaram is Dhanushkodi, a place that derives its name from the dhanush or bow of Lord Rama. Dhanushkodi is at a distance of 2 kms from the Railway Station and is easily approachable by road from any part of Rameshwaram.
The island of Rameshwaram is a place loved by nature lovers. This island is charming and intoxicating with coral reefs, shimmering sun, sand and sea. The lush greenery all around, makes it a perfect picnic destination. This small island in the Gulf of Mannar is a rejuvenating experience in itself. There's also the Kurusadai Island located in between the mainland and the island in the west. This island is flocked by biologists and the researchers. The Kurusadai island is just 20 kilometers away from Rameshwaram.
Nearby Excursions
Rameshwaram offers many excursion destinations, that definitely are worth visiting. Some of the most popular destinations from Rameshwaram are Erwadi situated around 24 kms from Rameshwaram. It is noted for the tomb of saint Ibrahim Syed Aulia. Ramanathapuram is another important destination nearby Rameshwaram.
The highlight of this ancient town is the Ram Vilas Palace of Sethupati Rajas. Uthirakosamangai, situated 16-km southwest of Ramanathapuram has a well-known Shiva temple. The temple has inspired many Tamil works of devotion. Sethu is situated around 5-km south of this temple which is also the venue of the celebrated temple of Sri Anjaneya. According to the legends this the place where Sri Rama built a bridge to Sri Lanka.
Shopping at Rameshwaram
While on your pilgrimage trip to Rameshwaram,don't forget to pick up some of the rare masterpiece offered by the tourism department of Tamil Nadu. In Rameshwaram you can definitely look for a variety of handicraft items. You can also buy gift items, souvenirs, palm leaf, beads and seashells. But a must buy at Rameshwaram are the splendid silk saris, which ladies will definitely like to own.
Reach Rameshwaram
By Air : The nearest airport at Madurai is 163 kilometers away, it takes care of the air travel of people from across the globe and within the country.
By Rail : There are two express trains to/from Chennai daily, the Sethu Express, and the Rameswaram Express. Rameshwaram is connected by rail with Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore, Trichy, Thanjavur and other important cities. The two kilometer long Indira Gandhi Bridge connects the island of Rameshwaram with the mainland of Mandapam.
By Road : Rameshwaram is well connected to all major cities by road. The bus station is two km west of town. Buses run to Madurai four times daily and to Kanyakumari, Trichy and Chennai. There are also a number of buses to Pondicherry, Trichy and Thanjavur via Madurai.
Local Transportation : For traveling in town you may opt for hiring jeeps, auto rickshaws and even cycle rickshaws.
11. Tiruchirapalli
Tiruchirapalli also Known As Trichy
Location : In the south Indian State of Kerala, on the high ranges of the
western ghats.
Area : 146.90 sq. kms.
Attractions : Rock Fort Temple, Viralimalai Sanctuary and Government
Museum.
Ideal Time to Visit : October to March
Trichy, The City Beside The River Cauvery
Tiruchirappalli or Trichy is situated on the banks of the river Cauvery.It is the fourth largest city in Tamil Nadu and is named in the memory of a fight Lord Shiva had with a three-headed demon named Trisiras. It is a flourishing commercial center, well-known for its culture and tourism importance. Trichy is also famous for artificial diamonds, cigars, handloom cloth, glass bangles and wooden and clay toys.
This city was earlier ruled by the Cholas and later by the Pallavas. Trichy is a perfect amalgamation of tradition and modernity established around the Rock Fort. Apart from the Fort, there are several Churches, Colleges and Missions dating back to the 1760s. The town and its fort, now in Trichy were built by the Nayaks of Madurai. This city is also home to many great Tamil scholars who have contributed significantly to the Tamil literature.
Major Tourist Attractions In Trichy
Tiruchirappalli or Trichy is an important commercial and tourism destination. Here one can find plenty of attractions, that lures innumerable tourists to this city. Some of the important tourist destinations include, the Rock Fort Temple, a complex in Tiruchirappalli which comprises of three temples - the Manikka Vinayakar temple at the foot of the hill, the Uchhi Pillayar Koyil at the top of the hill and the Taayumaanavar Koyil (Shivastalam) on the hill.
Another attraction is Viralimalai, a small town situated about 30 km from Tiruchirappalli. It is famous for its Murugan temple and the Peacock sanctuary. About 58 km from Trichy is Sittanavasal, a famous site of an ancient Jain monastery with fine fresco paintings in a rock cave. Kudumianmalai temple is located at a distance of 25 km from Trichy.
There are beautiful sculptures and a thousand pillar-hall within the temple. The Sri Ranganathaswami temple at Srirangam is the largest in India. It is situated at a distance of 7 kms from Trichy and is the dwelling of the Supreme Lord, Sri Ranganatha, the reclining form of Lord Vishnu. Tiruvanaikkaval or Jambukeswara Temple, situated 2 km east of Srirangam, is a beautiful Shiva temple, a fine example of excellent architectural design.
Excursions
There are quite a good number of excursions destinations nearby Trichy. These destinations have many attractive places to visit. Some of these destinations are the Grand Anicut (Kallanai) situated around 24 kms away from. It is an irrigation dam built across the Cauvery by Karikal Cholan in the second century AD and was strengthened by the British. Mukkombu (Upper Anicut) another enchanting destination is situated about 18 kms from Trichy. The River Kollidam divides itself from the Cauvery here.
At Mukkombu, another picnic spot with lush greenery and a park is found. Vayaloor located almost 8 kms away from Trichy is the venue of Lord Muruga Temple, set amidst lush green vegetation. Samayapuram is situated about 20 kms. away and is known for Goddess Mariamman. Puliancholai, is situated about 72 kms away from Trichy and is an exotic picnic spot located in the foothills of the Kolli hills.
Kodumbalur situated about 42 kms from Trichy, is also known as Moovarkoil. There are three shrines of Moovarkoil, out of which only two exist now. The sculptures of Kalarimurthi, Gajhasamharamurthi, Ardhanariswara, Gangadaramurthi, etc. are masterpieces of art. Another nearby destination is the Muchukundeswarar temple built in the early Chola period.
Festivals
Tamil Nadu is a place where culture and traditions have flourished. Trichy is no exception, where some exciting festivals are celebrated like Mohini Alangaram, Vaikunta Ekadashi, Garuda Sevai, Flower Festival and Car Festival at Srirangam, during the months of December and January. Float Festival at Rock Fort is celebrated during the months of March - April. At Samayapuram Mariamman Temple another important festival called Poochorithal festival is celebrated.
Reach Tirchirapalli
By Air : Trichy has an airport about 5 kms from the city. Indian Airlines connects Trichy with Chennai, Sharjah, Kuwait and Colombo.
By Rail : Trichy is an important junction on the Southern Railway. It connects Chennai, Thanjavur, Chidambaram, Madurai, Tirupathi, Tuticorin, Tenkasi, Quilon and Rameswaram on the metre gauge and Bangalore, Coimbatore, Mysore, Kochi, Kanyakumari and Mangalore.
By Road : Trichy is well connected by road with important places within the state and with the rest of the country.
Local Transport : At Trichy the city bus service is available, that provides services to all places of tourist interest from Central Bus Stand and from Chinthamani - Mani Guard Gate Bus Stand. Tourist Taxis, Auto Rickshaws and Cycle Rickshaws are also available.
12. Thanjavur
Location : Thanjavur District, on the eastern coast of Tamil Nadu
Area : 3603 sq. kms.
Attractions : Bragatheeswarar Temple, Thanjavur Palace, Tanjore Paintings
Ideal Time to Visit : November to January
Thanjavur is situated halfway between Tiruchirappalli (60km) and the coast. It is 35km southwest of Kumbakonam and 334 km south of Chennai. Thanjavur was the capital city of Chola kingdom from the 9th to the 13th centuries. It is the granary of South India and is known as the rice bowl of Tamil Nadu. This royal city has a rich and varied heritage for which it is known across the globe. Thanjavur was the center of knowledge and culture which reached its peak between the 10th and 14th centuries, under the reign of the Cholas.
The Chola dynasty was a celebrated dynasty of South India and Sri Lanka. They build many temples in order to mark the their victories over other dynasties. There are more than 70 temples in Thanjavur, the most important being the famous Brihadeeswara Temple.
History
The ancient city of Thanjavur is the center of classical arts and music inspite of the advent of technology era. The performances by the classical musicians, percussionists and the Bharatnatyam dancers never fails to enchant you. Then there is the exquisite Tanjore style of painting, which attracts innumerable tourists. The paintings are developed over multiple layers and are usually centered on the Hindu Gods and Goddesses.
The city of Thanjvur is named after, a demon by the name of Tanjan-an asura. According to the legend the last wish of the demon was that the place should be named after him, which was granted by Sri Anandavalli Amman and Sri Neelamegapperumal.
Attractions At Thanjavur
Thanjavur is famous for its majestic temples, but there are many other attractions present here, which are worth visiting. Among the temples, most important is the Bragatheeswarar temple, also known as the Big Temple of Thanjavur. It was built by Rajaraja Cholan, the Great Chola king. This temple is an ideal example of the grandeur of Indian sculptural architecture. Another important attraction here is the Saraswati Mahal Library. Established around 1700 AD, it has one of the most vital oriental manuscripts collections, in India. Apart from these, a major highlight of the Thanjavur city is the Thanjavur Palace, situated on the east main street. It is a series of large and rambling buildings of fine masonry, built partly by the Nayaks and partly by the Marathas around 1550 AD.
One of the most notable attractions in Thanjavur is Tamil University, established in 1981. Tamil University Museum has a collection of coins and musical instruments. Another attraction here is the Schwartz Church, situated in the palace garden. It was built in 1779 A.D by Rajah Serfoji. At Thanjavur, there are many famous museums having interesting collections of stone sculpture, coins and musical instruments. Among these the Nayak Durbar Hall Art Museum and the Rajaraja Chola Museum are the most important. They contain magnificent collection of Chola Bronzes-all discovered locally.
Last but not the least, the Tanjore Paintings of Thanjavur are famous for their special style of decorating the paintings. They are done both on glass and board. In both types, the figures and the background are richly ornamented with gold leaf and gems. The theme of these paintings are mostly related to Krishna in which he is shown in various poses. But there are also various paintings in temples, of all the other Gods and Saints.
Excursions
There are quite a good number of excursion options available from Thanjavur. Some of the must visits around Thanjavur are the Gangaikondacholapuram temple, Nageswaraswami Temple and the Airavateswara Temple. Another major excursion destination from Thanjavur is the Thiruvaiyaru, situated at a distance of 13 kilometers. It is associated with saint Thyagaraja, the Carnatic music saint. At Thiruvaiyaru also visit the celebrated Panchanatheswara temple, which has been dedicated to Lord Shiva. Among the many excursion destinations Dharasuram is an important one, which is about 32 kilometers away from Thanjavur. Here at the silk weaving center, the Chola king Rajendra, built the Airavateswara Temple in the honor of Lord Shiva.
You can also make a visit to Kumbakonam, situated at a distance of 36 kilometers from Thanjavur. Here one can see semi erotic sculptures at the Sarangapani, Kumbeswarar, Nageswara and Ramaswamy temples. Kumbakonam is also the venue of the magnificent Mahamaham festival that is celebrated once in every 12 years.
Festivals
About 14 kms from Thanjavur, a Carnatic classical musical festival is celebrated at Thiruvaiyaru in the month of January. It is celebrated in honor of the Carnatic music saint, Thyagaraja.
Reach Thanjavur
By Air : The nearest airport from Thajavur is situated about 65 kms east of Tiruchi. It serves planes from the Middle East, Colombo, Chennai and Madurai. The next closest airport is at Madurai about 200 Kms away. Another airport is Chennai airport about 350 kms away from Thanjavur.
By Train : There is a railway junction in Thanjavur. It is well connected with Tiruchi, Chennai and Nagore.
By Road : Thanjavur is well connected with all the major towns in TamilNadu. It is also connected with Kochi, Ernakulam, Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala and Bangalore in Karnataka.
Local Transportation : For local transportation auto rickshaws, cycle rickshaws and taxis are available.
Reach Coimbatore
By Air : Peelamedu airport is 10-km from the Coimbatore city, which operates regular flights to Bangalore, Mumbai, Chennai, Kochi and Madurai.
By Rail : Coimbatore is a major railway junction on the Southern Railways and has trains to Chennai, Rameswaram, Madurai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Kanyakumari, Kozhikode, Mettupalayam, Kochi and Delhi.
By Road : Coimbatore is connected by road with all major places in South India.
Local Transportation : For local transportation, city buses, taxis and auto rickshaws are available. State Transport Corporation ply mini luxury coaches between various points in the city and airport.
4. Kanchipuram City
Location : 70 kms from Chennai
Area : 11.6 Sq. Kms
Attractions : Kanchipuram temples
Ideal Time to Visit : September to May
Kanchipuram, The City of Temples
One of the most sacred sites in India, Kanchipuram is the seat of the Shankaracharya. The city is situated around 70 kms from Chennai in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Kanchipuram was the capital city of the early Chola kings in the 2nd century BC and a Pallava capital between the 6th and 8th centuries.
Known as the city of thousand temples, it is one of the seven most sacred pilgrim centers for the Hindus. Kanchi has about 126 temples remaining in total and a few more in its outskirts.
Besides its temples, Kanchipuram is also known for its growing hand loom industry. This beautiful small city has many silk weavers residing here from more than 400 years ago. This has made it the best the producer of some of the finest silk sarees in the country. The Kanchipuram silk sarees are exotic pieces of art, woven from pure mulberry silk. Available in a variety of designs, these sarees have blazing colours and are decorated with fine gold thread (zari).
History
The ancient city of temples, Kanchipuram, is one of the most important centers of Hindu religion. It is also one of the most picture perfect towns. It is considered one of India's seven sacred cities and the second holiest city after Varanasi.
It was once the capital city of the Pallavas, Cholas, and the Vijayanagar rulers. Many of the temples situated here are built by the Pallavas and later Cholas.
A few Buddhist stupas remining here indicate the presence of Buddhism in earlier centuaries. The Kanchi Kamakotti Peetham situated here is one of the four seats of Sri Adi Shankaracharya (a great Hindu sage). It has been a center of Tamil learning and culture for centuries and presents the glorious Dravidian heritage of the Vaishnavites (worshippers of Vishnu) and Shaivites (worshippers of Shiva).
Attractions At Kanchipuram
Kanchipuram is a scared pilgrimage with many beautiful temples, the holy town is one of the holiest places in India. The temples found here are grand and majestic. They are very popular among devotees, who flock this temple in huge numbers. Some of the most important temples here are the Ekambaranathar Temple, built by the Pallavas and later reconstructed by the Chola and Vijayanagar kings, that makes excellent trip to Kanchipuram. This temple owns 11 stories and one of the tallest temple towers in South India. It is beautifully decorated with sculptures. Another sacred temple here is the Vaikunta Perumal Temple which dates back to the 8th century. It was built by Nandivarma Pallava. There are scenes from battle carved on the panels encircling the main parikrama of this Vaishnavite temple. These scenes depict the bravory of Pallava kings. Anothere temple, the Varadaraja Temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu who is worshipped as Devarajaswamy here. This temple has a 100-pillared hall, built by the Vijayanagar kings presenting the skillfulness of their artists.
Other important temples of the region are the Kailasanathar Temple and the Kamakshi Amman Temple. The Kailasanathar Temple was constructed by the Pallava kings in the 8th century AD. It has a captivating panel portraying Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati in the midst of one of their many dance competitions. The architecture of this temple resembles the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram. At the same time the Kamakshi Amman Temple has a grand structure, dedicated to goddess Parvati in her incarnation as Kamakshi, the goddess of Love.
Excursions
Kanchipuram extends its sacredness and beauty to its nearby areas also. Thus, offering a number of excursion trip options. Some of these are Tiruttani near Kanchipuram, one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanya, situated on a hilltop. The temple has 365 steps, leading to the hill, these steps represent the days of the year. Another important trip is to the Sriperumbudur, situated about 29 kms from Chennai on the way to Kanchipuram. It is the birthplace of Saint Ramanujar, the father of the Vishishtadvaita philosophy of Vaishnavism and hence an important pilgrim center for the Vaishnavites.
One of the most vital places around Kanchipuram is the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary sitauted about 60 km from Kanchi. On your bird sighting trip to Kanchipuram, one can find many migratory birds like the sandpiper, white ibis, spoonbill, swan and gray wagtail etc. Definitely, a worth visiting place. Another destination around Kanchi is the Elagiri Hill. This hill is a detached and a popular picnic spot in the Eastern Ghats situated at a height of about 1000 m. The healthy climate, natural beauty and a Murugan temple makes it a must visit place.
Fairs & Festivals
Kanchipuram, the city of temples celebrates fairs and festivals all round the year. Some important festivals include the Brahmothsavam, Garudothsavam, and Car (rath) festivals, celebrated in the months of January, April, and May respectively.
Reach Kanchipuram
By Air : Chennai (75 kms) is the nearest airport from Kanchipuram. One can take flights for most of the important Indian cities and for abroad from Chennai.
By Rail : Trains for Kanchipuram are available from Chennai, Chengalpattu, Tirupati, and Bangalore.
By Road : Kanchipuram is 75 kms away from Chennai and is well connected by a good network of roads.
Local Transportation : Tourists interested in visiting the temples can rent bicycles or use cycle-rickshaws and auto-rickshaws.
5. Kanyakumari
Location : The southernmost point of peninsular India.
Area : 11.6 sq km
Attractions : Kanyakumari Temple, Gandhi Memorial,
Vivekananda & Rock Memorial
Ideal Time to Visit : October to March
Kanyakumari, The Southernmost Tip of India
Kanyakumari or the Cape Comorin, the southern most tip of peninsular India is sprawled over an area of 1672 sq. km, occupying 1.29% of the total extent of Tamil Nadu. Kanyakumari is also known as Kanniyakumari in Tamil Language. It is the confluence point of three oceans - the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Apart from this, it is also a vital Hindu pilgrim center, renowned for its exotic sunrises and sunsets over the horizon. One of the unique features of Kanyakumari is the multicolored sand found on its beach.
This exquisite land is encircled by majestic hills along with swaying coconut trees and paddy fields. There are also a few elevated patches of red cliffs and some free flowing valleys presenting an eye-pleasing scene. One can also see plains between the mountainous terrain and the sea - coast, with Temples and Churches standing proudly. Truly, a beautiful way to mark the end of the land of marvelous India.
History of Kanyakumari
Kanyakumari or the Cape Comorin was once known as the Alexandria of the east. A hub of art, culture, civilization, and pilgrimage for years, it is famous for commerce and trade. The architecture of this beautiful beach land is greatly inspired by religions like Islam, Christianity and Jainism. Kanyakumari was ruled by the Cholas, the Cheras, the Pandyas and the Nayaks, all great rulers of south India. The credit for the architectural beauty of the temples found in Kanyakumari goes to these rulers. Kanyakumari was given the name Cape Comorin by the British as it was easier for them to pronounce.
According to a legend Kanya Devi, an avatar of Goddess Parvati, was supposed to wed Lord Shiva. But he did not turn up at the auspicious time and the wedding never took place. Therefore the rice and cereals, which were to be used for the marriage remained uncooked. The stones found here resemble rice and cereals and today one can buy these stones. Native population believes that they are the leftovers of the legendary marriage that could not be solemnized. and the princess Kanya Devi, became a virgin goddess blessing pilgrims and tourists alike.
Attractions At Kanyakumari
Kanyakumari has many tourist attractions luring innumerable tourists, well promoted by tourism department of Tamil Nadu. Among the most important are the Kumari Amman or the Kanyakumari Temple, located on the sea shore. It is dedicated to a manifestation of Parvati, the virgin goddess who did penance to obtain Lord Shiva's hand in marriage. There are two rocks reaching out of the ocean, situated southeast of the Kumari Amman temple. One among these is Sri Padaparai, where the footprints of the virgin goddess are said to be imprinted on the rock. It is said that Swami Vivekananda sat in deep meditation and here one can also find the famous Vivekananda Rock Memorial built in 1970. There is also a dhyana mandapam here, a perfect place to meditate. Another important attraction here is the Gandhi Memorial, built on the spot where the vase consisting the Mahatma's ashes was kept for public viewing before submersion.
Excursions
Excursions are always exciting and the excursion destinations from Kanyakumari are all the more fun. Some of the major tourism destinations nearby are Vattakottai (literally, circular fort), an 18th-century fort dominating the sea is located about six kms from Kanyakumari. The Udayagiri Fort situated around 34 kms, is built by King Marthanda Varma in 1729-1758 AD.
Another destination, situated around 13 kms from Kanyakumari is Suchindram. The Thanumalayan temple here is a depository of art that treasures belonging of those kingdoms, who once ruled this place. The Nagaraja Temple at Nagarkoil situated about 20 kms is a splendid temple with Nagaraja as the worshiped deity. The Padmanabhapuram Palace is located around 45 kms from Kanyakumari. It is a large mansion of the Travancore Kings and is famous for its engrossing natural magnificence.
Tiruchendur located around 85 kms away from Kanyakumari is the venue of a beautiful temple dedicated to Lord Subramanya. This shore temple on the Bay of Bengal is one of the six abodes of Lord Subramanya. The Courtallam Fall situated almost 137 kms and located at a height of 167 m, is believed to contain therapeutic water.
Festivals
Some of the important festivals celebrated here are the Chaitra Purnima Festival celebrated in the first week of May, Navratri celebrated in the last week of October and the Holy Annual Festival of the Roman Catholic Church celebrated in the fourth week of December. These are the notable festivals celebrated in Kanyakumari.
Reach Kanyakumari
By Air : The nearest airport from Kanyakumari is situated at Trivandrum about 80 kms away. It is directly connected with Bangalore, Mumbai, Cochin, Delhi, Goa, and Chennai by regular flights.
By Rail : Kanyakumari is well connected by rail to major parts of the country. Kanyakumari is connected to Thiruvananthapuram, Delhi, and Mumbai by broad-gauge railway network. Superfast trains connect the southern most railhead of India with northern cities like Jammu and Delhi. Tirunelvelli, situated around 80 kms away from Kanyakumari is the other nearest railway junction and can be reached by road via Nagarkoil (19 km).
By Road : Kanyakumari is connected by road to Trivandrum (86 km), Nagarkoil (19 km), Tirunelvelli (91 km), Tiruchendur (89 km), Tuticorin (129 km), Rameshwaram (300 km), Courtallam (130 km), Madurai (242 km), Thekkady (358 km), Kodaikanal (362 km), Palani (370 km), Ootacamund (576 km), Cochin (309 km), and Coimbatore (478 km).
Local Transportation : For local transportation there are tourist vehicles and intercity trains, running from almost all the southern cities.
6. Kodaikanal Hill Station
Location : Dindugal District, Tamil Nadu
Area : 21.45 sq.kms
Attractions : Berijam Lake, Boat Club, Bryant Park
Ideal Time to Visit : April to June and September to October
A Soothing Hill Station
Kodaikanal, also known as Kodai, is a mesmerizing hill station perfect for a holiday destination. Situated on the southern tip of the upper Palani Hills, Kodai is located in Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu state. It is situated at a height of about 2,133-m and spreads over an area of 21.45-sq-km. A popular tourist holiday destination, having many natural splendors such as waterfalls, a pleasant lake, and many beautiful mountain viewpoints.The place is also known for hill-plantation of fruits and plums known for their freshness and taste. Kodaikanal is also famous for educational institutions of international repute. From Kodai, Mount Perumal, an extinct volcano, can also be viewed.
Attractions At Kodaikanal
Kodaikanal, the hill-station is an attraction in itself, topped up by various important attractions. Some of the major attractions here are, the Kodaikanal Lake, a magnificent man-made lake, which spreads out in a star shape over sixty acres. It is a main attraction as it is set among the lush greenery. An added attraction is the boat club, offering several pleasure and racing holiday trips. The Berijam Lake located at a distance of 21-km from Kodaikanal is an important attraction here. Having a star like shape, it is Spread over an area of 24 hectares and is known for its pure water. There's also a park here called the Bryant Park situated on the eastern side of the lake and is famous for flowers, hybrids and rafts.
Another important attraction here is the Shenbaganur Museum , located about 5 Kms from the lake. This museum has more than 300 species of orchids and a wide collection of birds. Another exotic attraction, the Coaker's Walk, is an high-edged pathway. It derives its name from Lt. Coaker, who prepared the map of Kodai. It is situated about a kilometer from the lake, running along a steep slope on the southern side of the Kodai. A famous temple of this region, the Kurinji andavar Temple has Lord Murugan as the presiding deity. It is situated about 3.2-kms from the lake. From this temple, one can get a view of the northern plains and Palani Hills.
Excursions
Excursions are supposed to energize you and this what the several excursion spots in and around Kodaikanal do. Among the most famous are the Dolphin's Nose, located about 8 kms from the Kodaikanal lake. It is a flat protruding rock, offering breathtaking views of the valley. Then, there is the Perumal Peak, situated about 11 km from Kodaikanal, which is another popular destination. It is considered trekker's delight and the trek starts from the Neutral Saddle. One of the popular picnic holiday destination, the Periyakulam town is situated around 21 km from Kodaikanal. Another important destination for excellent holiday is the Kukal Cave, situated about 40 kms from Kodaikanal. It is a favorite camping site for trekkers and it is said that the descendants of the Paliyans still live here.
Adventure
Kodaikanal offers a lot of adventure options to tourists on their holiday trip in the town. One of these options is the Golf Club, located 5-km from the Kodaikanal Lake. Boating and Angling facilities are available at the Kodaikanal Lake. There are many beautiful trek routes available in and around Kodaikanal. Kodaikanal in the Palani Hills is perfect for small-time trekking. You can take short treks and hikes to tourist spots close by. Overnight treks are also possible here where one can spend a night at a local village.
There's also a Boat Club here, built in the year 1910. It was opened from May 1929 for few tourists who had permit. Later on, it was opened totally for the public in 1932. Boats like T.T.D.C, Kodai boats, Carlton boats are available for hire.
Shopping At Kodaikanal
Kodaikanal is not a famous shopping destination but one can definitely look forward to buy artifacts and gift items. The famous places to shop in Kodaikanal are the Khadi Emporium, Handloom Co-operative Stores and Travancore Crafts Work, Government Sales Emporium, Kurinji Mini Supermarket, Spencer and Company.
Fairs and Festivals At Kodaikanal
Summer festivals are celebrated at hill stations of Tamil Nadu including Ooty, Kodaikanal and Yercaud. These summer festival involve many Cultural programs, adventure sports, boat races, flower and fruit shows, adding charm to the festival.
Reach Kodaikanal
By Air : The nearest airport from Kodaikanal is at Madurai about 120 kms away. It is well connected to other airports, especially Chennai.
By Rail : The nearest railway stations from Kodaikanal are the Kodai Road Railway Station around 80 kms away and the Palani Railway Station is situated about 64-kms from Kodaikanal.
By Road : Kodaikanal is connected by road with Chennai (520-km), Ooty (264-km), Trichy (197-km), Coimbatore (175-km), Kumili (160-km), and Madurai(120-km). Regular bus services are available from Madurai, Palani, Kodaikanal Road, Theni, Dindigul, Tiruchirapalli, Kumuli (Thekkady) and Coimbatore.
Local Transportation : Taxis and vans are available for local transportation. Auto-rickshaws are not available at Kodaikanal.
7. Madurai
Location : Madurai, Tamil Nadu
Area : 22 Sq. Kms
Attractions : The Meenakshi Temple, Mariamman
Teppakulam,Tirumalai Naik
Ideal Time to Visit : November to February
Madurai, The Temple City
Tamil Nadu travel guide will takes you to another temple city of South India. Madurai is the second largest city of the state of Tamil Nadu. It is famous for its temples, especially for the celebrated Meenakshi Temple. Situated on the banks of river Vaigai, it derives its name from the divine nectar (Madhu) that was showered from the locks of Lord Shiva according to a popular legend. The city has a rich cultural heritage which it has inherited from the great Tamil era, which is more than 2500 years old. Once the capital of the great Pandya kings, Madurai was an important cultural and commercial center even as early as 550 AD.
Today, Madurai is a well-known producer of some of the finest textiles in India and some of the best harvests of jasmine flowers. The city of Madurai is also mentioned in Megasthenes' Indica. He was an ancient Greek diplomat and envoy to India in the 3rd century BC , who wrote praises about this temple city. Madurai's glory reached its peak, during the reign of the Cholas and then during the Pandyas' regime in the 13th century.
History of Madurai
Madurai, the city is as old as its history, which dates back to the Sangam period of the pre Christian era. Madurai's honour returned in an impaired form in the earlier part of this millennium. Later, Madurai came under the rule of the Vijayanagar kingdom, after it was plundered by the destructive armies of Delhi (Malik Kafur).
During the 16th and 18th centuries, Madurai was ruled by the Nayak Emperors, the foremost of whom was Tirumalai Nayakar. In the Sangam period, poet Nakkeerar was associated with some of the Tiruvilayaadal episodes of Sundareswarar. Even today these episodes are enacted as a part of temple festival traditions.
Attractions At Madurai
The ancient and historical city of Madurai has many places that pulls tourists from all over the world and makes it one of the most travel destinatiions in South India. Among the most famous attractions at Madurai, is the Meenakshi Amman Temple, where the main deities are Goddess Meenakshi and Lord Shiva.
The temple has 985 beautifully sculptured pillars, forming the Thousand Pillar Mandapam Hall. It has also been the center of Tamil art, music and dance.
The Vandiyur Mariamman Teppakulam is another prime attraction in Madurai. The presiding deity of this temple is Lord Vigneshwara. This temple is also the host of the annual float festival celebrated in the months of January and February. Thirupparankundram, situated 6 kms southwest of Madurai, is a small town known for its sacred granite hill. This place is regarded as one of the six dwellings of Lord Subramaniyam.
There is also a cave temple and a rock cut temple built by the Pandyas in the 8th century. Besides these attractions, Munnar, Thekkadi Wildlife Sanctuary and Palani Hills are other places of interest around Madurai.
Excursions
Madurai travel offer a number excursion options, which are exciting and intriguing. Some of the important ones are Vaigai Dam situated at a distance of 69 km, on the way to Thekkady. It is a beautiful picnic spot and is popular with the tourists and locals alike. Situated in the Western Ghats at a height of 2,130 m above sea level, Kodaikanal is a picturesque hill station. It is about 120 kms away from Madurai. The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated at a distance of 155 km from Madurai. The sanctuary is famous as the natural habitat for a wide variety of animals.
Shopping At Madurai
Shopping at Madurai can be fun, here you can buy cotton and batiks, for which Madurai is famous. The Prithu Mandapam Market is a famous market of Maduari, situated just inside the eastern entrance of the Meenakshi Temple. Let yourself relax and visit the Pottramarai tank to feel the essence of Maduari.
Festivals At Maduari
Festivals are celebrated in all twelve Tamil months at Madurai Meenakshi temple. Some of the popular festivals are Chithirai festival celebrated in the months of April - May and Avanimool festival celebrated in the months of September - Ocotber. Other important festivals are the Navarathri Festival and the Float Festival celebrated in the months of January- February.
Reach Madurai
By Air : Madurai has its own airport situated 10 kms away from the city. There are daily flights to Madurai from Chennai, Bangalore, Tiruchi & Coimbatore.
By Rail : Madurai is an important railway junction of the Southern Railway and is directly connected to Chennai and Tirunelveli. Madurai is on the Madurai-Tiruchirappalli-Dindigul-Quilon route.
By Road : The city has excellent roads connecting Madurai to all parts of South India. It has 5 Major bus stand.
8. Mamallapuram City
Mamallapuram also Known As Mahabalipuram
Loaction : 60 kms South of Chennai
Area : 8 sq. kms.
Attractions : Arjuna's Penance, Shore Temple and The five Rathas.
Ideal Time to Visit : October to March
Mahabalipuram, A World Heritage Site
Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram is located around 60 kms south from the city of Chennai in Tamil Nadu. It is a 7th century port city of the South Indian dynasty of the Pallavas. It is believed to have been named after either the demon king Mahabali, or the Pallava king Mamalla. Mahabalipuram has various historic monuments built mostly between the 7th and the 9th century. The most famous monument here is the Shore Temple, which looks absolutely mesmerizing when lit by moonlight. This historical city has been crowned as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
Most of the monuments here are rock-cut and monolithic. They represent the early phases of Dravidian architecture wherein Buddhist elements of design can be seen clearly. There are cave temples, monolithic rathas (chariots), sculpted reliefs and structural temples found here. The pillars are of the Dravidian order and the sculptures are excellent examples of Pallava art. The majestic Mahabalipuram, invokes a certain kind of mystery, with its sculptural extravaganza depicting strong artistic temperament of the Pallavas who were the pioneers in South Indian art.
Attractions at Mahabalipuram
Your travel vacations to Mahabalipuram, the beautiful beach city located on a rocky outcrop between the beach and a lagoon is going to be a life time experience. Mahabalipuram is a blessed combination of history, good beaches and hassle-free tourism. It is known for its group of pleasing rathas and the dramatically carved relief depicting Arjuna's Penance. The magnificent Shore Temple, built by king Rajasimha in the 7th century, is an outstanding temple that has the shrines of both Shiva and Vishnu. The Varaha Cave another major attraction which is one of the many rock-cut caves in Mahabalipuram. The Krishna Mandapam, one of the most visited places, has a bas-relief of Lord Krishna lifting the Govardhan hill on his fingertips.
Nearby Excursions
Mahabalipuram travel guide offers excellent excursion opportunities in the city. It makes a complete Golden Triangle circuit of South India along with Chennai and Kanchipuram. People who visit Chennai and Kanchipuram definitely come to this beautiful place also. Kanchipuram, located around 65 km from Mahabalipuram is famous for some of India's finest silk saris. The Kanchi weavers definitely deserve a beautiful ode !This small and dusty town of kanchipuram is popularly called the 'Golden Town of a Thousand Temples'. It is famous for the Kamakshi, Varadarajaswami, and Kailasanathar temples, some outstandingly beautiful temples. Vedanthangal another worth visiting destination is renowned for a bird sanctuary, which is one of India's largest sanctuaries. The Covelong beach here is famous for its golden sand and other historical monuments. The Crocodile Bank at a distance of 14 kms and Muttukadu around 21 kms away from Chidambaram are also worth a visit.
Events and Festivals
On your travel trip to Mahabalipuram participate in diverse festivals celebrated by the locals.Among the festivals celebrated in Mahabalipuram, Pongal is the most important. It is one of the most auspicious festivals for the Tamils. It is celebrated in mid-January every year. The festival is celebrated with gaiety and joy not only in Tamil Nadu but also in most parts of South India. Mahabalipuram Dance Festival is a perfect occasion for the dance lovers, who can enjoy the performances of the artists from all parts of the country. This festival is celebrated in the month of January/February every year. The Shore Temple is the venue of this festival and the music from the musical instruments along with the music created by the natural surroundings provides an overwhelming experience. The Sthalasayana Perumal temple festivals, Masimagam and Brahmothsavam, are held in the month of March.
Reach Mahabalipuram
By Air : The nearest airport from Mahabalipuram is Chennai (Madras), located around 60 km away. One can get flights for almost all major destinations in India and abroad.
By Rail : The nearest railway station is at Chengalpattu, around 29 km away from Mahabalipuram. Trains for Chennai and several other major cities in South India are available from here.
By Road : Mamallapuram or Mahabalipuram is connected with good roads to major destinations like Chennai, Tirukkalikundram (Pakshithirtham), Kanchipuram (65 km), Pondicherry and Chengalpattu. Tourists can also hire a taxi from Chennai.
9. (Ooty) Udhagamandalam
Location : Niligiri District, Tamil Nadu
Area : 36 Sq. kms.
Attractions : Ooty Lake, Dodabetta peak, Botanical Garden
Ideal Time to Visit : February to May and September to November.
Ooty, The Queen of Hills
Known as the "Queen of hill stations" Udhagamandalam (Ooty), is the capital of Nilgiri district. Ooty is situated at a distance of 105 km from Coimbatore, at an altitude of 7,349 feet above the sea level in the Nilgiris. The temperature ranges from 25 degree Celsius in summers, to chilling cold in winters. Doddabetta is the highest peak of 2623 kms and the height of the hills in the Nilgiri range varies between 2280 and 2290 meters.
Ooty is situated at the meeting point of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka, three southern states of India. This lovely hill station was established by the Britishers, in the first half of the 19th century. It also serves as summer headquarters for the government of Madras. Earlier, the area was inhabited by Todas, the tribal people who still live here.
Attractions At Ooty
The beautiful hill station of Ooty, draws quite a good number of tourists from all over the world. The natural beauty of this region is outstanding and memorable. Apart from the natural splendors, Ooty has many more attractions that are worth a visit. Some of the important ones are the Botanical Gardens sprawled over an area of 50-acre. It was established by Marquis of Tweeddale in the year 1848. These gardens lie on the lower slopes of the Doddabetta peak, the highest point in Ooty. Another exotic garden found here is the Rose Gardens, situated about 3 to 4-km away from Charring Cross. They are spread over an area of 10 acres of land with 2000 variety of roses.
There is also a Mini Garden over here along with a children amusement park. Definitely, a worth visiting site. Another famous attraction here is the Ooty Lake, a charming artificial lake. Constructed in 1824 by Mr. John Sullivan, the then Collector of Coimbatore. A noteworthy attraction of Ooty is the St Stephens Church situated in the hilly area on Club Road. It is said to be the oldest church in the Nilgiris. This church was built in the year 1829 and consecrated in 1830. The cemetery close by houses the grave of John Sullivan, the founder of Ooty. Another outstanding attraction here is the Doddabetta peak. It is the highest peak (2623 meters) in the Nilgiris and is situated about 10-km from Ooty, offering a beautiful view of the Nilgiri hill ranges.
Another engrossing attraction here is the Deer park situated at a distance of 1-km from the Lake. It is a worth visiting park. There is also a Government Museum, situated at Mysore Road in Ooty. It owns a wide collection of items of tribal objects.
District's ecological details and representative sculptural arts and crafts of Tamil Nadu. It was set up in 1989, with an aim to provide education benefits to the residing and visiting population of Nilgiri district. Another attraction here is the Hindustan Photo Films, one of the major industrial units of the district. It is located about 5-km away from Ooty railway station and is sprawled over an area of over 300 acres, near the Ooty golf-links on the Ooty- Mysore road.
Excursions
Ooty offers a lot of exotic excursion destinations. Some of the important excursion destination are The Mukkurthi Peak and National Park, located around 40-km from Ooty. The Kollaribetta and Nilgiris Peak are other major peaks around. A number of little perennial streams flow between these peaks, which fall into Bhavani Puzha. Another major excursion destination here is the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, located near the Nilgiri Hills. This sanctuary has varied landscape with open grassland, swamp and valley.
Near Ooty, Pykara is an important excursion destination, situated at a distance of 21-km. The tourist attractions of this place are the Toda settlements, untouched meadows and rich wildlife habitat. Other added attractions at Pykara are the Pykara Dam, Pykara falls and a lovely reservoir.
Adventure
The Nilgiris near Ooty are a trekker's delight. Here you can try your hands on adventure sports like Hang-Gliding, Angling and Trekking. A trek can be a thrilling experience, full of excitement and adventure. It will change your way of seeing and enjoying nature.
Festivals
At Ooty, a summer festival is held each year during the month of May in the Botanical Gardens. The Flower Show is the highlight of this festival. There are many Cultural programmes organized for those interested in traditional classical arts. Adventure sports like trekking also forms part of the festival. The annual "Tea and Tourism Festival" celebrated in the month of January is a festival attracting quite a good number of tourists.
Shopping
There is a range of things that one can buy from Ooty. Exclusive Nilgiri products including Nilgiri tea, fruits, natural oils like Eucalyptas, Toda embroideries, plant nurseries are easily available in the town. Some of the best places to shop fruits and general groceries are Co-operative Super Market and Municipal Market. Kairali of Kerala Handicrafts and Poompuhar of Tamil Nadu Handicrafts have their showrooms near to Super Market Buildings on Charring Cross.
Reach Ooty
By Air : The Coimbatore airport, situated around 105 km from Ooty, is the nearest airport.
By Rail : Ooty is on the narrow gauge railway, connected to Mettupalayam (47 km), which is directly connected to Coimbatore and Chennai. The famous toy train connects Ooty with Mettupalayam and Coonoor.
By Road : A good network of roads and national highways connect Ooty with all major towns and cities. There are regular bus services to and from Coimbatore, Trichy, Bangalore, Madurai, Kanyakumari, Mysore, Palghat, Calicut, Tirupati and other important destinations in South India. Ooty is also well connected with major cities of Kerala and Karnataka.
Local Transport : Taxis, tourist cabs, auto rickshaws are available in plenty. Except for tourist cabs there are no standard rates. Town buses are also available to all important places. Conducted sight seeing tours are arranged by the private operators and the Government Tourism Development Corporation
10. Rameshwaram City
Location : Island of Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu
Area : 61.8 sq. kms.
Attractions : Ramanatha Swamy Temple, Rameshwaram temple
And Ramjharoka temple
Ideal Time to Visit : January to March
Rameshwaram, The Sacred Island
The religious island of Rameshwaram is sprawled in an area of 61.8 sq. kms and is in the shape of a conch. The island of Rameshwaram is the island, where Lord Rama's temple is located. Apart from being a major pilgrimage for the Hindus, Rameshwaram is also a popular holiday spot. Tourist often take a holiday trip to this destination to indulge in beach sports activities in Rameshwaram.
Also known as the 'Benaras of the south', Rameshwaram is an important Hindu pilgrimage, infact a pilgrimage without visiting Rameshwaram is not complete. It is said that in order to attain Moksha one must visit Rameshwaram. The presiding deity is the Linga of Sri Ranganatha, which happens to be one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of India.
History
The Hindu mythology says that in the story of Ramayana, Lord Rama performed thanksgiving rituals to Lord Shiva after the battle at Sri Lanka and his triumph over the demon king Ravana. This is the reason why Rameshwaram attracts Vaishnavites (worshippers of Lord Vishnu) and Saivites (worshippers of Lord Shiva) both. The entire area of Rameshwaram is associated with various incidents from the Ramayana. Infact Rameshwaram is one of the most visited pilgrim sites in India.
Attractions At Rameshwaram
Rameshwaram is a destination, which attracts tourists with its history and grandeur. Rameshwaram has some of the most exciting attractions. Some of them include, Ramanatha Swamy Temple and the Agnitriham tank. People coming to visit this temple , ideally take a bath at the Agnitriham. Another significant attraction is the Ramjharoka temple, which houses the imprints of Lord Rama' s feet placed on a chakra. This temple is situated at the highest point of the Island of Rameshwaram, Gandamadana Parvatham, another major tourist attraction. This point is situated at a distance of 5 kms from Rameshwaram.
The entire Rameshwaram is dotted with temples in honor of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana and Hanuman. In the south of the island of Rameshwaram is Dhanushkodi, a place that derives its name from the dhanush or bow of Lord Rama. Dhanushkodi is at a distance of 2 kms from the Railway Station and is easily approachable by road from any part of Rameshwaram.
The island of Rameshwaram is a place loved by nature lovers. This island is charming and intoxicating with coral reefs, shimmering sun, sand and sea. The lush greenery all around, makes it a perfect picnic destination. This small island in the Gulf of Mannar is a rejuvenating experience in itself. There's also the Kurusadai Island located in between the mainland and the island in the west. This island is flocked by biologists and the researchers. The Kurusadai island is just 20 kilometers away from Rameshwaram.
Nearby Excursions
Rameshwaram offers many excursion destinations, that definitely are worth visiting. Some of the most popular destinations from Rameshwaram are Erwadi situated around 24 kms from Rameshwaram. It is noted for the tomb of saint Ibrahim Syed Aulia. Ramanathapuram is another important destination nearby Rameshwaram.
The highlight of this ancient town is the Ram Vilas Palace of Sethupati Rajas. Uthirakosamangai, situated 16-km southwest of Ramanathapuram has a well-known Shiva temple. The temple has inspired many Tamil works of devotion. Sethu is situated around 5-km south of this temple which is also the venue of the celebrated temple of Sri Anjaneya. According to the legends this the place where Sri Rama built a bridge to Sri Lanka.
Shopping at Rameshwaram
While on your pilgrimage trip to Rameshwaram,don't forget to pick up some of the rare masterpiece offered by the tourism department of Tamil Nadu. In Rameshwaram you can definitely look for a variety of handicraft items. You can also buy gift items, souvenirs, palm leaf, beads and seashells. But a must buy at Rameshwaram are the splendid silk saris, which ladies will definitely like to own.
Reach Rameshwaram
By Air : The nearest airport at Madurai is 163 kilometers away, it takes care of the air travel of people from across the globe and within the country.
By Rail : There are two express trains to/from Chennai daily, the Sethu Express, and the Rameswaram Express. Rameshwaram is connected by rail with Chennai, Madurai, Coimbatore, Trichy, Thanjavur and other important cities. The two kilometer long Indira Gandhi Bridge connects the island of Rameshwaram with the mainland of Mandapam.
By Road : Rameshwaram is well connected to all major cities by road. The bus station is two km west of town. Buses run to Madurai four times daily and to Kanyakumari, Trichy and Chennai. There are also a number of buses to Pondicherry, Trichy and Thanjavur via Madurai.
Local Transportation : For traveling in town you may opt for hiring jeeps, auto rickshaws and even cycle rickshaws.
11. Tiruchirapalli
Tiruchirapalli also Known As Trichy
Location : In the south Indian State of Kerala, on the high ranges of the
western ghats.
Area : 146.90 sq. kms.
Attractions : Rock Fort Temple, Viralimalai Sanctuary and Government
Museum.
Ideal Time to Visit : October to March
Trichy, The City Beside The River Cauvery
Tiruchirappalli or Trichy is situated on the banks of the river Cauvery.It is the fourth largest city in Tamil Nadu and is named in the memory of a fight Lord Shiva had with a three-headed demon named Trisiras. It is a flourishing commercial center, well-known for its culture and tourism importance. Trichy is also famous for artificial diamonds, cigars, handloom cloth, glass bangles and wooden and clay toys.
This city was earlier ruled by the Cholas and later by the Pallavas. Trichy is a perfect amalgamation of tradition and modernity established around the Rock Fort. Apart from the Fort, there are several Churches, Colleges and Missions dating back to the 1760s. The town and its fort, now in Trichy were built by the Nayaks of Madurai. This city is also home to many great Tamil scholars who have contributed significantly to the Tamil literature.
Major Tourist Attractions In Trichy
Tiruchirappalli or Trichy is an important commercial and tourism destination. Here one can find plenty of attractions, that lures innumerable tourists to this city. Some of the important tourist destinations include, the Rock Fort Temple, a complex in Tiruchirappalli which comprises of three temples - the Manikka Vinayakar temple at the foot of the hill, the Uchhi Pillayar Koyil at the top of the hill and the Taayumaanavar Koyil (Shivastalam) on the hill.
Another attraction is Viralimalai, a small town situated about 30 km from Tiruchirappalli. It is famous for its Murugan temple and the Peacock sanctuary. About 58 km from Trichy is Sittanavasal, a famous site of an ancient Jain monastery with fine fresco paintings in a rock cave. Kudumianmalai temple is located at a distance of 25 km from Trichy.
There are beautiful sculptures and a thousand pillar-hall within the temple. The Sri Ranganathaswami temple at Srirangam is the largest in India. It is situated at a distance of 7 kms from Trichy and is the dwelling of the Supreme Lord, Sri Ranganatha, the reclining form of Lord Vishnu. Tiruvanaikkaval or Jambukeswara Temple, situated 2 km east of Srirangam, is a beautiful Shiva temple, a fine example of excellent architectural design.
Excursions
There are quite a good number of excursions destinations nearby Trichy. These destinations have many attractive places to visit. Some of these destinations are the Grand Anicut (Kallanai) situated around 24 kms away from. It is an irrigation dam built across the Cauvery by Karikal Cholan in the second century AD and was strengthened by the British. Mukkombu (Upper Anicut) another enchanting destination is situated about 18 kms from Trichy. The River Kollidam divides itself from the Cauvery here.
At Mukkombu, another picnic spot with lush greenery and a park is found. Vayaloor located almost 8 kms away from Trichy is the venue of Lord Muruga Temple, set amidst lush green vegetation. Samayapuram is situated about 20 kms. away and is known for Goddess Mariamman. Puliancholai, is situated about 72 kms away from Trichy and is an exotic picnic spot located in the foothills of the Kolli hills.
Kodumbalur situated about 42 kms from Trichy, is also known as Moovarkoil. There are three shrines of Moovarkoil, out of which only two exist now. The sculptures of Kalarimurthi, Gajhasamharamurthi, Ardhanariswara, Gangadaramurthi, etc. are masterpieces of art. Another nearby destination is the Muchukundeswarar temple built in the early Chola period.
Festivals
Tamil Nadu is a place where culture and traditions have flourished. Trichy is no exception, where some exciting festivals are celebrated like Mohini Alangaram, Vaikunta Ekadashi, Garuda Sevai, Flower Festival and Car Festival at Srirangam, during the months of December and January. Float Festival at Rock Fort is celebrated during the months of March - April. At Samayapuram Mariamman Temple another important festival called Poochorithal festival is celebrated.
Reach Tirchirapalli
By Air : Trichy has an airport about 5 kms from the city. Indian Airlines connects Trichy with Chennai, Sharjah, Kuwait and Colombo.
By Rail : Trichy is an important junction on the Southern Railway. It connects Chennai, Thanjavur, Chidambaram, Madurai, Tirupathi, Tuticorin, Tenkasi, Quilon and Rameswaram on the metre gauge and Bangalore, Coimbatore, Mysore, Kochi, Kanyakumari and Mangalore.
By Road : Trichy is well connected by road with important places within the state and with the rest of the country.
Local Transport : At Trichy the city bus service is available, that provides services to all places of tourist interest from Central Bus Stand and from Chinthamani - Mani Guard Gate Bus Stand. Tourist Taxis, Auto Rickshaws and Cycle Rickshaws are also available.
12. Thanjavur
Location : Thanjavur District, on the eastern coast of Tamil Nadu
Area : 3603 sq. kms.
Attractions : Bragatheeswarar Temple, Thanjavur Palace, Tanjore Paintings
Ideal Time to Visit : November to January
Thanjavur is situated halfway between Tiruchirappalli (60km) and the coast. It is 35km southwest of Kumbakonam and 334 km south of Chennai. Thanjavur was the capital city of Chola kingdom from the 9th to the 13th centuries. It is the granary of South India and is known as the rice bowl of Tamil Nadu. This royal city has a rich and varied heritage for which it is known across the globe. Thanjavur was the center of knowledge and culture which reached its peak between the 10th and 14th centuries, under the reign of the Cholas.
The Chola dynasty was a celebrated dynasty of South India and Sri Lanka. They build many temples in order to mark the their victories over other dynasties. There are more than 70 temples in Thanjavur, the most important being the famous Brihadeeswara Temple.
History
The ancient city of Thanjavur is the center of classical arts and music inspite of the advent of technology era. The performances by the classical musicians, percussionists and the Bharatnatyam dancers never fails to enchant you. Then there is the exquisite Tanjore style of painting, which attracts innumerable tourists. The paintings are developed over multiple layers and are usually centered on the Hindu Gods and Goddesses.
The city of Thanjvur is named after, a demon by the name of Tanjan-an asura. According to the legend the last wish of the demon was that the place should be named after him, which was granted by Sri Anandavalli Amman and Sri Neelamegapperumal.
Attractions At Thanjavur
Thanjavur is famous for its majestic temples, but there are many other attractions present here, which are worth visiting. Among the temples, most important is the Bragatheeswarar temple, also known as the Big Temple of Thanjavur. It was built by Rajaraja Cholan, the Great Chola king. This temple is an ideal example of the grandeur of Indian sculptural architecture. Another important attraction here is the Saraswati Mahal Library. Established around 1700 AD, it has one of the most vital oriental manuscripts collections, in India. Apart from these, a major highlight of the Thanjavur city is the Thanjavur Palace, situated on the east main street. It is a series of large and rambling buildings of fine masonry, built partly by the Nayaks and partly by the Marathas around 1550 AD.
One of the most notable attractions in Thanjavur is Tamil University, established in 1981. Tamil University Museum has a collection of coins and musical instruments. Another attraction here is the Schwartz Church, situated in the palace garden. It was built in 1779 A.D by Rajah Serfoji. At Thanjavur, there are many famous museums having interesting collections of stone sculpture, coins and musical instruments. Among these the Nayak Durbar Hall Art Museum and the Rajaraja Chola Museum are the most important. They contain magnificent collection of Chola Bronzes-all discovered locally.
Last but not the least, the Tanjore Paintings of Thanjavur are famous for their special style of decorating the paintings. They are done both on glass and board. In both types, the figures and the background are richly ornamented with gold leaf and gems. The theme of these paintings are mostly related to Krishna in which he is shown in various poses. But there are also various paintings in temples, of all the other Gods and Saints.
Excursions
There are quite a good number of excursion options available from Thanjavur. Some of the must visits around Thanjavur are the Gangaikondacholapuram temple, Nageswaraswami Temple and the Airavateswara Temple. Another major excursion destination from Thanjavur is the Thiruvaiyaru, situated at a distance of 13 kilometers. It is associated with saint Thyagaraja, the Carnatic music saint. At Thiruvaiyaru also visit the celebrated Panchanatheswara temple, which has been dedicated to Lord Shiva. Among the many excursion destinations Dharasuram is an important one, which is about 32 kilometers away from Thanjavur. Here at the silk weaving center, the Chola king Rajendra, built the Airavateswara Temple in the honor of Lord Shiva.
You can also make a visit to Kumbakonam, situated at a distance of 36 kilometers from Thanjavur. Here one can see semi erotic sculptures at the Sarangapani, Kumbeswarar, Nageswara and Ramaswamy temples. Kumbakonam is also the venue of the magnificent Mahamaham festival that is celebrated once in every 12 years.
Festivals
About 14 kms from Thanjavur, a Carnatic classical musical festival is celebrated at Thiruvaiyaru in the month of January. It is celebrated in honor of the Carnatic music saint, Thyagaraja.
Reach Thanjavur
By Air : The nearest airport from Thajavur is situated about 65 kms east of Tiruchi. It serves planes from the Middle East, Colombo, Chennai and Madurai. The next closest airport is at Madurai about 200 Kms away. Another airport is Chennai airport about 350 kms away from Thanjavur.
By Train : There is a railway junction in Thanjavur. It is well connected with Tiruchi, Chennai and Nagore.
By Road : Thanjavur is well connected with all the major towns in TamilNadu. It is also connected with Kochi, Ernakulam, Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala and Bangalore in Karnataka.
Local Transportation : For local transportation auto rickshaws, cycle rickshaws and taxis are available.
Hair Care Tips and Advice
Name one woman who has never been concerned about her hair. We are always trying to make it look more beautiful, healthier, more thick, more bouncy, more lustrous and just more gorgeous. Hair care is not just a quick shampoo; in fact most of us have just a little extra regimen to take care of it. We are here to help you understand your hair and its problems better, along with tips to nourish it.
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The fascinating aspect of our bodies is that any intrinsic problems we may suffer from will reflect on our physical health. The lack of nutrients can be easily identified when our hair, skin and nails begin to look unhealthy. When your hair falls or when it looks damaged, it may be either because of certain external factors or due to the imbalance or deficiency of nutrients.
If your hair falls excessively, becomes brittle, or loses luster it is a sign for you to examine what you are doing wrong. Sometimes it may just be the products you are using which are unsuitable for your hair type. Ageing and environmental changes may also be the bad guys. But most often, it may be a medical condition such as anemia that you may be suffering from.
Taking certain vitamins may be most helpful in improving the condition of your hair. B group of vitamins among other kinds, are proven to cure many hair problems such as hair loss, dandruff, graying etc. We have a concise list of vitamins and their benefits, which can help you, correct problems as well as maintain your hair.
Dandruff which most of us suffer from at some point in our lives is truly a painful and unwanted affair. Apart from the itching, it simply looks bad. Learn why dandruff occurs and exactly how to fix this problem. Sometimes a good shampoo can do the trick and sometimes you may need the intervention of a doctor.
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With age, our physical problems seem to increase but it does not have to bring you down. It is all-dependent on the initiative you take to maintain your gorgeous locks and healthy body.
